Chapter 2 : Cells as a basic unit of life. Flashcards

1
Q

A slide consists of….

A

a piece of glass, a stained specimen and a thin cover slip

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2
Q

We use a slide to

A

to hold the specimen for examination under the microscope.

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3
Q

Give examples of dye solution.

A

Iodine solution, methylene blue.

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4
Q

What is dye solution used for?

A

It is used to highlight the structures in the specimen.

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5
Q

A complete slide slide has three components and they are

A

A glass slide, a piece of glass, stained specimen

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6
Q

What is the first step of preparing a slide of a human cheek cell?

A

Scrape the inside of the cheek with the blunt side of the toothpick.

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7
Q

The second step of preparing a slide of a human cheek cell.

A

Place the cells on a glass slide and add a drop of distilled water.

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8
Q

The third step of preparing a slide of a human cheek cell.

A

Add a drop of methylene blue solution.

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9
Q

The fourth step of preparing a slide of a human cheek cell.

A

Gently place a cover slip using a mounting needle.

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10
Q

The fifth step of preparing a slide of a human cheek cell.

A

Remove excess water and methylene blue solution using filter paper.

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11
Q

The first step of preparing a slide of plant cells.

A

Remove a piece of onion from the bulb.

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12
Q

The second step of preparing a slide of plant cells.

A

Peel off the inner epidermal layer.

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13
Q

The third step of preparing a slide of plant cells.

A
  • Place a drop of distilled water on a glass slide.

- Place the inner epidermal layer as flat as possible on the slide.

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14
Q

The fourth step of preparing a slide of plant cells.

A

Gently place a cover slip on the specimen.

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15
Q

The fifth step of preparing a slide of plant cells.

A
  • Add a drop of iodine solution at one end of the cover slip.
  • Place a piece of filter paper at the oppisite end to draw the stain across the specimen.
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16
Q

What is irrigation?

A

Irrigation is an alternate techinique of staining specimens. The stain is drawn from one side of the cover slip to the other with a filter paper.

17
Q

The functions of a microscope :

A
  • a microscope helps us observe and study the structures of cells.
  • a microscope magnfies the size of minute objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
  • the light microscopes are commonly used in school.
18
Q

Name the parts of the microscope.

A

eyepiece, body tube, course focus knob, fine focus knob, revolving nosepiece, objective lenses, arm, stage, clip, diaphragm, mirror, base.

19
Q

Name the function of the parts in the microscope.

A

eyepiece : To see the specimen.
body tube : light enters the eyes of the observer through this tube.
course focus knob : To bring the image into view.
fine focus knob : To sharpen the image.
objective lenses : To enlarge the image of the specimen based on different magnifications.
arm : This is where you hold when carrying the microscope.
stage : this is where you put the slide with the specimen.
clip : To hold the slide in a fixed position.
diaphragm : To control the amount of light that passes through the specimen.
mirror : to reflect light from the light source into the specimen.
base : to support the microscope.

20
Q

What are the two types of microscope?

A

stereo microscope, compound microscope.

21
Q

What is the function of a stereo microscope?

A

The stereo microscope is used to view larger objects such as insects.

  • enlarge up to 200 times.
  • shows three-dimensional view of small objects.
22
Q

What is the function of a compound microscope?

A
  • to view thin slices of specimens, such as onion cells.
  • specimen must be thin enough to allow light to pass through it.
  • enlarge up to 1500 times.
  • shows two-dimensional view.
23
Q

What did Robert Hooke first oberved and with what microscope?

A

Robert Hooke first observed a thin slice of cork using a compound microscope.

24
Q

What is the difference between the old compound microscope and the modern-day microscope?

A

A modern-day microscope has a built-in lamp instead of a mirror.