Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy & Physiology > Respiratory Study Guide > Flashcards

Respiratory Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the respiratory system

A 
Speech
Smell
pH
Blood pressure
O2 & CO2 exchange between blood and air
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Respiratory division?

A

Consists of the alveoli and other gas-exchange regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Conducting Division?

A

Serves only for airflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What organs make up upper respiratory tract?

A

Nose, Pharynx, Larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Organ of lower respiratory tract?

A

Trachea, lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Functions of nose

A

warms, cleanses, & humidifies inhaled air, detects odor, amplifies voice, secrete mucous/trap pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Function of nasal concha?

A

increase airflow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

function of olfactory epithelium

A

detects odors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Respiratory epithelium function?

A

secrete mucous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Erectile tissue function?

A

senses pressure and temp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3 regions of pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

larynx function?

A

keep food/drink out of airway and sound production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

vestibular folds functions?

A

close larynx while swallowing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

vocal chord functions?

A

produce sounds when air passes through them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intrinsic muscle functions

A

Control vocal chords by pulling on cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Extrinsic muscle function?

A

pull larynx upwards towards epiglottis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Function of Epiglottis?

A

Flap of tissue that guards larynx opening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Mucocilliary escalator function?

A

remove debris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where do most of the aspirated objects end up?

A

right bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Terminal bronchioles are…

A

final branches of conducting division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Respiratory bronchioles are…

A

beginning of the respiratory division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Three types of cells in lungs?

A

Squamous, Great (Type 2) alveolar cells, Alveolar macrophages (dust cells)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Characteristics of Squamous cells?

A

95% of surface area, gas exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Great (Type 2) alveolar cells characteristics?

A

secrete pulmonary surfactants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Alveolar macrophages (dust cells) characterstics?

A

most numerous cells in lungs, immune function

26
Q
  1. What happens to the volume and pressure in your lungs when you inhale?
A

volume Increases, pressure decreases

27
Q
  1. What happens to the volume and pressure in your lungs when you exhale?
A

volume decreases, pressure increases

28
Q

Path of air from nose to lungs?

A

nasal cavity → pharynx → trachea → main bronchus → lobar bronchus → segmental bronchus → bronchiole → terminal bronchiole. bronchiole → alveolar duct → atrium → alveolus

29
Q

Functions of Pleurae and Pleural Fluid?

A

Reduce friction, creation of pressure gradient, compartmentalization

30
Q

Major respiratory muscle?

A

diphragm

31
Q

What drives respiration?

A

differences in pressure

32
Q

Three factors that influence airway resistance?

A

diameter of bronchioles, pulmonary compliance, surface tension of alveoli

33
Q

Restrictive disorder is_____?

A

reduce pulmonary compliance

34
Q

What is obstructive disorder?

A

block or narrow the airway

35
Q

What is Apnea?

A

temporary cessation of breathing

36
Q

What is dyspnea?

A

labored, gasping breathing

37
Q

What is hyperpnea?

A

increased breathing in response to exercise

38
Q

What is hyperventilation?

A

increased pulmonary ventilation

39
Q

What is hypoventilation?

A

reduced pulmonary ventilation

40
Q

What is Kussmaul Respiration?

A

rapid breathing induced by acidosis

41
Q

What is orthopnea

A

dyspnea when lying down

42
Q

Most potent stimulus for breathing?

A

pH

43
Q

What is acidosis?

A

pH less than 7.35

44
Q

What is alkalosis?

A

pH greater than 7.45

45
Q

Structure of trachea?

A

Held open w/c-shaped hyaline cartilage, contains the mucociliary escalator.

46
Q

Structure of left lung?

A

2 lobes

47
Q

Structure of right lung?

A

3 lobes

48
Q

Structure of bronchial tree?

A

Main (primary) bronchi → lobar (secondary) bronchi → segmental (tertiary) bronchi → bronchioles

49
Q

What is quiet respiration?

A

normal resting breathing

50
Q

What is forced respiration?

A

deep breathing

51
Q

How is atmospheric air different from alveolar air?

A

Alveolar has more water vapor, more CO2, and less oxygen

52
Q

5 factors that affect gas exchange?

A

Pressure difference between the gases, Gradient of the gasses, Membrane thickness, Membrane surface area, Ventilation-Perfusion coupling

53
Q

4 factors that adjust the rate of oxygen unloading?

A

Ambient PO2, Temp., Bohr Effect, Bisphosphoglycerate

54
Q

What does hyperventilation cause?

A

Respiratory acidosis

55
Q

What does hypoventilation (rebreathing) cause?

A

Respiratory alkalosis

56
Q

Different types of hypoxemia?

A

Anemic, ischemic, Histotoxic, hypoxemic

57
Q

What is oxygen toxicity?

A

excess of oxygen in body tissues

58
Q

What is hyperbaric oxygen?

A

oxygen at over 1 atm of pressure

59
Q

How is oxygen and co2 transported in the blood?

A

oxygen is bound to hemoglobin and dissolved in plasma. CO2 is bicarbonate ion, bound to hemoglobin, and dissolved in plasma

60
Q

Systemic gas exchange?

A

CO2 moves out of the tissue and into the blood (CO2 loading) and O2 moves into the tissue (O2 unloading)

61
Q

Alveolar gas exchange?

A

CO2 moves out of the blood and into the lungs (CO2 unloading) and O2 moves out of the lungs and into the blood (O2 loading)

Anatomy & Physiology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions