5011 Unit 2

Question 1

Science

Answer 1

Science is a systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the nature word

Question 2

Goal of science

Answer 2

Description, prediction and control

Question 3

Natural science

Answer 3

Empirical phenomena; Direct observation and measurement of a phenomena or it’s permanent products

Question 4

Type of natural science

Answer 4

Physics, Chemistry, biology, behavior analysis

Question 5

Social science

Answer 5

Hypothetical Constructs outside of the natural realm; Indirect observation and measurement

Question 6

Type of social science

Answer 6

Psychology, sociology, political science

Question 7

Philosophical assumptions

Answer 7

Determinism, empiricism, parsimony, philosophical doubt, pragmatism

Question 8

Determinism

Answer 8

the universe is a lawful and orderly place

Question 9

Empiricism

Answer 9

Objective observation with thorough Description and quantification of the phenomena of interest, behavior

Question 10

Experimentation

Answer 10

Systemic manipulation of an independent variable

Question 11

Replication

Answer 11

Repeating any part of an experiment

Question 12

Parsimony

Answer 12

Requires that all simple, logical explanations for the phenomenon of interest be ruled out Experimentally before more complex or abstract explanations are considered.

Question 13

Philosophical doubt

Answer 13

Continually Question the truthfulness up what is regarded as fact

Question 14

Pragmatism

Answer 14

Assesses the Truth of theories or beliefs In terms of the success of their practical application

Question 15

Behavioralism

Answer 15

The philosophy or world view Underlying behavior analysis. Posits that behavior is the subject matter of our science.

Question 16

Radical behaviorism

Answer 16

BF Skinner’s philosophy of the science of human behavior. Most influential type of behavior reason for guiding the science and practice of behavioral Analysis.

Question 17

Determinant of behavior

Answer 17

Causes of behavior; probabilistic

Question 18

Selection

Answer 18

The process in which repeated cycles occur of variation, Interaction with the environment, and differential replication as a function of the interaction

Question 19

Natural Selection

Answer 19

The environment selects which variations survive and are passed on.

Question 20

Cultural selection

Answer 20

Cultural practices evolve as they contribute to the success of the practicing group

Question 21

Temporal contiguity

Answer 21

The nearness of events in time

Question 22

Contingency

Answer 22

A dependency between events

Question 23

Type of contingencies

Answer 23

SS contingencies (pairing)
R-S contingencies
S-R-S contingencies (Or the three Term contingency)

Question 24

Basic operations

Answer 24

Direct observation
Repeated measures
Graph data
Manipulation
Systemic evaluation
Analysis and integration

Question 25

Consequential operation (+)

Answer 25

Contingently present a stimulus Immediately after the response

Question 26

Consequential operation (-)

Answer 26

Contingently remove a stimulus immediately after the response

Question 27

Learning

Answer 27

A relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of experience