episiotomy and tears Flashcards
1
Q
what is an episiotomy
A
incision of tissues to enlarge the outlet and hasten birth
2
Q
when is episiotomy performed
A
distressed baby, instrumental or breech delivery, protect premature head, try to prevent 3rd degree tears
3
Q
problems with episiotomy
A
bleeding, infection, haematoma
4
Q
what is a first degree tear
A
superficial, don’t damage muscle, suture unless skin edges well apposed to healin
5
Q
what is a second degree tear
A
involve perineal muscle, repair similar to episiotomy
6
Q
what is a third degree tear
A
damage involves anal sphincter mucscle. a- external sphincter 50%, c- both external and internal
7
Q
fourth degree
A
rectal mucosa involved
