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CP2 = Core Immunology > Immunodeficiency > Flashcards

Immunodeficiency Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of B lymphocytes?

A

Secrete antibodies - humoral immunity

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2
Q

What is the function of killer T lymphocytes?

A

Cell cytotoxicity- cellular immunity.

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3
Q

What is the function of helper T cells?

A

Secrete growth factors (cytokines). Help B and T lymphocytes.

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4
Q

What is the function of suppressor T lymphocytes?

A

Damp down immune response

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5
Q

What two results can an antibody:antigen complex have?

A

> Cell Lysis

> Phagocytosis

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6
Q

How does an antigen:antibody complex cause cell lysis?

A

Activating complement system

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7
Q

How does an antigen:antibody complex enhance phagocytosis?

A

> Microbe agglutination
Neutralisation - blocking viral sites
Precipitating dissolved antigens

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8
Q

What does Perforin do?

A

Punch holes into an infected cell membrane

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9
Q

How do primary immunodeficiencies arise?

A

Genetic defects

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10
Q

What is Chronic granulomatous disease?

A

When phagocytes cannot kill some bacteria/fungi

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11
Q

What can chronic granulomatous disease lead to?

A 
> Pneumonia
> Swollen lymph nodes
> Gingivitis 
> Non-malignant granulomas
> IBD
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12
Q

What is the most common X linked mutation causing CGD?

A

GP9LIOS

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13
Q

What is X-linked agammaglobulinaemia?

A

B cell defect.

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14
Q

What does X-linked agammaglobulinaemia cause?

A

Loss of antibody secretion

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15
Q

Why is X-linked agammaglobulinaemia diagnosed at 1/2?

A

Materal IgG covers baby for 1/2 years.

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16
Q

What can X-linked agammaglobulinaemia cause?

A

Recurrent bacterial infection

17
Q

What antibody deficiency is less serious than IgG?

A

IgA

18
Q

Which cell deficiency is often fatal?

A

T cells

19
Q

What is a severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID)?

A

Both B and T cell deficiencies.

20
Q

How is SCID treated?

A

> Bone marrow transplant

> Gene therapy - stem cells (integrate normal gene copy)

CP2 = Core Immunology (7 decks)

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