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PHIL 250 > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what ethical theories is a moral concern for truth related to

A

deontology
feminist ethics
relational ethics

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2
Q

how is deontology related to a moral concern for truth

A

if nobody tells the truth, then who can we trust? if you tell the truth in one situation you need to be able to tell the truth in all situations

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3
Q

how is FE related to a moral concern for truth

A

having truth gives you power, thus creating a power differential

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4
Q

relational ethics and a moral concern for telling the truth

A

you build relationships on truth, not lies

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5
Q

historically how was truth regarded in health care

A

it was once considered a distant priority

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6
Q

how is truth telling perceived in health care currently, why

A

it is a priority as the right to autonomy by patients has now been recognized

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7
Q

what is to be said about autonomy and truth telling in terms of priority

A

the right pts have to autonomy is recongized at higher value then beneficence and shifts away from paternalism

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8
Q

what is the philosophical argument for limited disclosure

A

not telling somebody or withholding information in attempt to increase the beneficence/NM to the pt

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9
Q

objections to the philosophical argument for limited disclosure

A

we can tell the truth in different ways. knowing the whole truth may actually benefit the patient

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10
Q

what is ot telling somebody or withholding information in attempt to increase the beneficence/NM to the pt an example of

A

strong paternalism

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11
Q

what are the philosophical arguments we considered for telling the truth in a healhtcare context

A

autonomy - they need to know all the information to make a decision

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12
Q

what is the significance of ulyssess and the sirens

A

the question that were the crew man allowing him to be autonomous? are they respecting it? recognition that you are respecting the autonomous descsion while the person has capacity

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13
Q

obejection to ulysses and the sirens

A

is him asking to be let go an authentic descion? does he have the capacity to be let go?

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14
Q

What is the distinction between factual truth and truthfulness

A

Accurate statement using facts. Truthfulness is the intention to tell the truth

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15
Q

eg of factual truth but not truthful

A

seeing people that are together but are not actually TOGETHER

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16
Q

statement that’s neither factually true nor truthful

A

the sky is green

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17
Q

statement thats factually true but not truthful

A

i saw somebody kissing your girlfriend (misleading)

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18
Q

statement thats factually false but truthful

A

honestly believing that blood transfusions will make you not go to heaven (you are trying to tell the truth but its not actually a fact);

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19
Q

statement thats both truthful and factually true

A

both truthful and factually true

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20
Q

Can you explain the difference between the various ways we might depart from the truth, both accidentally and on purpose

A

On purpose or accidental, withholding information, not telling the whole truth, not being factual, refusing to research the right information.

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21
Q

what is the definition of confidentiality in a healthcare context

A

Protection and control of information that health care worker has become privy too in the role of nurse

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22
Q

What other concepts and principles is confidentiality related to as a moral ideal or 
principle

A

Autonomy
relational ethics
truth
trust

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23
Q

trust

A

when somebody discloses a piece of info that is self regarding and valuable to that person, trust is required if the information is to be protected or controlled

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24
Q

What is the definition of privacy

A

Self regarding information (learning things you aren’t suppose to know, learning about personal information that a person has a right to withhold)

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25
Q

what kinds of information may be kept private/access to limited

A

anything that you as a person deem private

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26
Q

Can you give examples of situations where privacy is in question and 
situations where confidentiality is in question? 


A

Privacy – looking at somebodies chart when they aren’t your patient. Confidentiality – telling somebody about the chart you weren’t supposed to look at (accidental or on purpose)

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27
Q

What is the connection between a moral consideration for privacy and a 
moral consideration for confidentiality?

A

You need to respect the right of the patient to not disclose information.

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28
Q

what ethical theories are related to moral concern for 
confidentiality and privacy

A

deontology
feminist
relational

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29
Q

how is deontology related to moral concern for 
confidentiality and privacy

A

a person should self determine who has access to information (patient should control who has access to private info)

30
Q

how is FE related to moral concern for 
confidentiality and privacy

A

if you have somebodies information you can hold something above the patient or extort them (blackmail).

31
Q

how is relational care ethics if you have somebodies information you can hold something above the patient or extort them (blackmail).

A

nurse pt relationalships come with the commitment and assumption that there is confidentiality in the relationship.

32
Q

What arguments did we consider for keeping all information extracted in a healthcare context confidential

A

what is private to this person
how much private information do we need to
share

33
Q

why do we try to keep most things private

A

because we dont know what this person regards as private

34
Q

what general rule about confidentiality do we keep in mind

A

its not about the information its about the context

35
Q

Are breaches of confidentiality always wrong? Why or why not

A

not always, they can be potentially life saving. breaches need to happen if somebody might harm themselves. safety issue

36
Q

Are healthcare providers always to blame for breaches of confidentiality? 
Why or why not

A

no. system errors, architectural errors, visitors, interruptions

37
Q

What two factors did we identify that ground a disclosure of confidential 
information to other healthcare providers

A

1) sharing is needed and necessary for care

2) patient indicated or have not indicated

38
Q

why is sharing information necessary for care

A

giving report, handing off pts

39
Q

what are the limits of discloure

A

pt information is on a need to know basis

40
Q

What challenges does the Age of IT bring with it for healthcare providers and 
confidentiality

A

information is more easily accessible

41
Q

why does the age of IT bring challengs

A

people dont know where information is being stored, people that dont even work with this patient might be able to see information

42
Q

What are the four aspects of integrity for a healthcare provider

A

Moral autonomy, Fidelity to commitment, wholeness integration, steadfast leadership

43
Q

what ethical theories are associated with integerity

A 
virtue theory
feminst theory
relational ethics
care ethics
deontology
44
Q

how is virtue theory associated with integrity

A

integrity can have his own virtue or multiple virtues

45
Q

how is FE associated with integrity

A

integrity can be challenged by power

46
Q

how is relational ethics associated with integrity

A

integrity is bound in relationships

47
Q

how is care ethics associated with integrity

A

integrity is bound up with having a coherent narrative within oneself

48
Q

how is deontology associated with integrity

A

authentic self determination

49
Q

What are some vices of character that are incompatible with integrity

A

dogmatism
hubris
duplicity

50
Q

dogmatism

A

believing everything

51
Q

hubris

A

excessive self confidence

52
Q

duplicity

A

two faced, change in value based on circumstance, unquestioning of obedience

53
Q

what is the connection between integrity and positive duties

A

you have a positive duty to have integrity. Nurses have to advocate for themselves, their collegaues, their profession

54
Q

How is integrity connected up with one’s own personal values

A

You need to have integrity to recognize your own personal values and not inflict them in others

55
Q

when do issues of conscience occur

A

Personal values can conflict with the values of the nursing profession

56
Q

if you dont have integrity how do you treat your values

A

straying from values because its convenient or hard its to stick up for yourself means you don’t have integrity. you need integrity to follow personal values

57
Q

What is distributive justice

A

deciding who gets supplies

58
Q

• What is procedural justice (basic)

A

Decision making process about who gets what in what order (eg triaging)

59
Q

micro allocation

A

small things eg per unit

60
Q

meso allocation

A

funds within a hospital or authority eg VGH or VIHA

61
Q

macro allocation

A

things persay a system or a budget (health BC)

62
Q

libertarianism

A

based on freedom of choice

63
Q

utilitarianism in justice

A

best outcomes - who would benefit the most

64
Q

egalitarianism

A

equality - who needs it most

65
Q

equity

A

when people need more things then others to reach an equal place

66
Q

how is the macro scopic issue of health care expressed in the US

A

US - libertarian (its your choice to go get health care

67
Q

how is the macroscopic issue of health care expressed in CA

A 
egalitarianism
utiltarianism (in the us, if you cant pay you dont get triaged, in canada you are triaged on priority and everybody is equal
68
Q

how are microscopic issues expressed in the US

A

nurses are seen as gatekeepers and keep tabs on resources

69
Q

what are the 3 main principals of procedural justice

A

explicit and public
accountable
representative

70
Q

explicit and public in regards to procedural justice

A

available for all

71
Q

accountable in regards to procedural justice

A

the person making descions has the be held accountable for their descisions

72
Q

representitive in terms of procedural justice

A

desicion is made by people who care about who its going to affect

PHIL 250 (3 decks)

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