Psychological Testing #3 Flashcards
What are the challenges associated with the assessment of infants and toddlers?
• Uncertainty about interpretation of answers.
• Developmental issues
○ Stranger anxiety
○ Terrible 2s, sometimes if hey don’t want to do it they don’t want to do it.
What are the characteristics of the Bayley III?
Assessing children from 1-42 months.
No total score.
5 composite scores: Cognitive Scale, Language Scale, Motor Scale, Social-Emotional, Adaptive Behavior Scale.
Excellent psychometric properties.
Assesses current functioning for possible intervention or recommendations for the parents.
Only a good predictor for extreme delays.
Since the age range covered by the WPPSI-IV overlaps to some degree with the age range of the WISC-IV, what information would you use to decide which test to administer for a child whose age would allow him/her to take either one?
Weather I expect them to be above or below the average.
What is the Test Observation Checklist?
Part of the Early SB5.
A standardized checklist for keeping track of behaviors that could negatively impact performance.
What is know about the predictive validity of infant and preschool tests?
Very poor for infants, except for those who are seriously delayed.
Moderate for preschool assessments. Most IQ scores are stable by age 7.
What are the characteristics of the Leiter?
Leiter International Performance Scale Revised (Leiter)
Non-verbal test of intelligence.
Blocks in different sizes put them in order from smallest to largest just like the picture.
Similar scores across racial groups.
Which drawing tests have been used to assess intelligence and what are their limitations?
Goodenough-Harris Drawing Test
— Early in psychological testing history
Draw a Person
— Quantitative scoring system
— More recent
Why use these tests when other tests have been established with more validity?
What populations of the TONI-4 suited for?
Test of Nonverbal Intelligence - 4
A test for those who are hearing impaired, have language impaired, or have physical limitations.
What are the characteristic’s of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-IV (PPVT-IV)
Non-reading
2 1/2–90 years old
Also a good test for people who have motor impairments. Because all they have to do is point. You can even point to each on and have them nod when they get to an answer.
This test is appropriate for screening purposes.
What issues exist for tests used with those who are visually impaired?
– Emphasis is on verbal skills
– Haptic tests have been developed
– Not as broad a range of skills. You could have disadvantages populations who can’t see and haven’t had the verbal experience.
What issues exist for testing those who are hearing impaired?
– Sign language interpreters are needed
– Understanding of deaf culture
– Even referral is difficult
How is intellectual disability (previously called mental retardation) determined and what types of tests would be used in this process?
– Score below 70-75 on an individually administered IQ test
– Deficits in adaptive behavior: communication, social skills, self-help skills
– Onset during developmental period (prior to age 18)
– Must be an individual assessment and you must test for adaptive ability
What is the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales–II and how is it used?
Most widely used measure of adaptive behavior
Semi-structured interview
– Info from primary care giver
How are decisions made regarding which module to use on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule–2 (ADOS-2)?
Starting at age 12 months
5 different modules based on age and verbal fluency
5 different modules based on age and verbal fluency
You wouldn’t give just one test. You would do a battery of tests. So you would do this test and a number of other tests in order to understand what’s going on.
What is known about the quality of the ADOS-2 when used in the assessment of autism?
This is the most respected test for this category.
You end up with a range (not a mean of 100 with a SD of 15) but the range helps you figure out what range of the spectrum they are on.
What are the two components of personality?
Consistency —Characteristics that are consistent across time, usually most of the time
Distinctiveness —You want words that make them different from other people.
What characterizes a projective test?
Ambiguous stimulus
Projective hypothesis
What is the projective hypothesis?
he reason different people give different answers is because people project aspects of their personality into the ambiguous stimulus.
What is the Rorschach?
Uses 10 cards with ink blots
What is the administration and scoring process for the Rorschach?
○ Beside the person and a little bit behind them.
○ You have to write while their talking, although you also record.
○ There are some specific cues and prompts you can use depending on what they say
○ They have to give more than response per card (maybe between 12-15)
When we get through all the cards we get to the inquiry state of test administration. You ask the person why the came up with the answers they did.
– Shape, color, texture, white space
Exner Scoring System
Rorschach Performance Assessment System
What are the limitations of the Rorschach?
It’s an incredibly hard test to score. It takes forever and it’s hard to be good at it. People get together in groups and practice it.
Research — Controversial. Some people will say it’s incredibly useful, and other people say it shouldn’t be used for diagnostic purposed.
Cost/benefit — Is it really worth the amount of work?
What are the characteristics of sentence completion tests?
My best characteristic is... My father... May be specific populations, like sexual assault survivors. Look for general themes. Might be easier to fake.
You could use the answers for starting conversations in therapy. (Although some of this could come through a normal background interview).
What are the characteristics of the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and its variations (CAT, CAT-H, Roberts Apperception Test)?
30 cards – But no one will give all 30 cards, select 10-12.
You want a full story. What do the tell me?
Drawings and photographs, black and white – 3BM (For boys or men). Also a blank cards.
How is the TAT administered and interpreted?
Happy? Sad? Unrealistic endings? Reaching out to other people for help?
Don’t tell them it could be related to intelligence.
