Terms

Question 1

“The white man’s burden” (18th c.)

Answer 1

• Benefits justified the means
• God-given responsibility
• “To take to the rest of the world the benefits of industrialization, capitalism, democracy, and Christianity”
• Indigenous need white help
• White man responsibility to save/rescue savages
• “father figure”

Question 2

Suttee/suti (India)

Answer 2

an indian practice of wives burning themselves alive on their husbands funeral pyre

Question 3

Contextualization

Answer 3

• making the gospel culturally relevant
• Contextualizing the gospel to its appropriate cultural context
• i.e. Hudson Taylor did this

Question 4

Liberation Theology

Answer 4

• Preferential option for the poor and oppressed
• Key was the concept of praxis
• Stressed sin of oppressive structures and power relationships in society more than the sins of individuals
• 1968: Medellin, Colombia
• Bishops: rejected capitalism and communism
• “Injustice that cries out from heaven”
• Called on Christians: “To take the side of peasants and Indians in their struggle for better living conditions”
• “The Christian quest for justice is a demand of biblical teaching
• Using Marxist criteria at the expense of Christian ones

Question 5

Key leaders of Liberation Theology

Answer 5

• Gustavo Gutierrez

- Juan Luis Segundo

Question 6

Concerns of Liberation Theology

Answer 6

• God of liberation
• God of the oppressed
• God of action and justice

Question 7

Colonialism (mission)

Answer 7

Establishment/ maintenance
Acquisition and expansion of colonies
In one territory by people from another territory

1) Political
- Gain power/prestige
- Gain national pride

2) Military: Expansion of territory

3) Economic
- Open new markets
- Acquire raw materials

4) Religious
- Spread Christianity
- Educate indigenous people
- End slave trade

5) Ideological
- White race = superior
- White man’s burden
- Civilize primitive peoples → US vs them

Question 8

Results of Colonization

Answer 8

Positive: 
medical science
Increased trade
Industrial development
Increase of wealth

Negative: 
Dislocation of people groups
Population losing their land
Destruction of culture
Growing disparity between rich and poor
Perpetuation of negative cultural stereotypes

Question 9

Secularity (19th c.)

Answer 9

• “the non-necessity of God”
• Most significant manifestations is the pervasive privatization of religion in Western society
• Affects people: the expectation among members of modern Western society that most of life’s problems can be solved by secular means

Question 10

Dispensationalism

Answer 10

breaking up God’s interactions with humankind into sections (innocence, patriarchal rule, mosaic law, grace)

Question 11

Fundamentalism

Answer 11

• a religious term for believing that scripture is inerrant (incapable of being wrong)
• Conservatives with ½ the gospel
• Had 12 paperbacks, published between 1909-1915 and called “The Fundamentals”

overriding distinctive was conservative adherence to traditional Protestant doctrines as to the (1)personal nature of God, (2)the accuracy and authority of the Bible, (3)the necessity of individual salvation, and (4)the existence of all those supernatural things that made liberals so uncomfortable

Question 12

Five fundamentals of Fundamentalism

Answer 12

1) The inerrancy of Scripture
2) The virgin birth of Christ
3) The substitutionary atonement
4) The resurrection of Christ
5) The second coming of Christ

Question 13

Pentecostalism

Answer 13

“The most dynamic spiritual movement in the modern world Christianity”

- Movement began in LA in 1906
- Known as “charismatic” movement
- Showed marginalized people groups the power of the Holy Spirit
- Movement best known for desire for spontaneity
- Placed emphasis on Christians being “baptized in the Holy Spirit” (not water)