Chapter 5

Question 1

the study of the interactions of living organisms with one another and their environment

Answer 1

Ecology

Question 2

describes living factors in the environment

Answer 2

biotic

Question 3

describes the nonliving part of the environment

Answer 3

abiotic

Question 4

a group of organisms of the same species that live in a specific geographical area

Answer 4

population

Question 5

all the populations of the species that live in the same habitat and interact with one another

Answer 5

community

Question 6

a community of organisms and their abiotic environment

Answer 6

ecosystem

Question 7

the part of earth where life exists

Answer 7

biosphere

Question 8

an organism that eats only plants

Answer 8

herbivore

Question 9

an organism that eats only animals

Answer 9

carnivore

Question 10

an organism that eats both plants and animals

Answer 10

omnivore

Question 11

the pathway of energy transfer through various stages as a result of the feeding patterns of a series of organisms

Answer 11

food chain

Question 12

a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem

Answer 12

food web

Question 13

a triangular diagram that shows an ecosystem’s loss of energy, which results as energy passes through the ecosystem’s food chain

Answer 13

energy pyramid

Question 14

the largest population that an environment can support at any given time.

Answer 14

carrying capacity

Question 15

an organism that is killed and eaten by another organism

Answer 15

prey

Question 16

an organism that eats all or part of another organism

Answer 16

predator

Question 17

a relationship in which two different organisms live in close association with one another

Answer 17

symbiosis

Question 18

a relationship between two species in which both species benefit

Answer 18

mutualism

Question 19

a relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected

Answer 19

commensalism

Question 20

a relationship between two species in which one species, the parasite, benefits from the other species, the host, which is harmed

Answer 20

parasitism

Question 21

the evolution of two species that is due to mutual influence, often in a way that makes the relationship more beneficial to both species

Answer 21

coevolution