Gastro 1 - Oropharynx

Question 1

Where does the anterior 2/3 of the tongue derive from? Where does the sensation go to? Taste?

Answer 1

1st brachial arch. Sensation from CN V3 (mandibular). Taste from CN VII.

Question 2

Where does the posterior 1/3 derive from? Where does sensation go to? Taste?

Answer 2

Derives from brachial arches 3 and 4. Sensation from CN IX. Taste from CN IX.

Question 3

Where does the motor function of the tongue come from?

Answer 3

CN XII/

Question 4

What are some causes of glossitis?

Answer 4

Vitamin B deficiency. Iron deficiency.

Question 5

What is leukoplaquia?

Answer 5

Keratosis of mucous membrane of the mouth.

Question 6

What are the three salivary glands?

Answer 6

Parotid gland (biggest, watery). Submandibular gland (thick). Sublingual gland (smallest).

Question 7

What type of stimulation causes very thick secretion of saliva?

Answer 7

Sympathetic stimulation by Superior cervical ganglion. Leaders giving speeches drinking lots of water.

Question 8

What type of stimulation causes very watery secretion of saliva?

Answer 8

Parasympathetic secretion by CNVII and CNIX.

Question 9

What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve?

Answer 9

[Tim Zulu Bit My Chin] Temporal. Zygomatic. Buccal. Marginal mandibular. Cervical.

Question 10

What is Xerostomia? What would most likely causes?

Answer 10

Very dry mouth. Caused by Sjogren, antihistmaines, anticholinergic drugs.

Question 11

What is Sialolithiasis? What is the treatment?

Answer 11

Blockage of the salivary gland duct, causing acute pain and swelling, usually submandibular and Stensen’s duct. Have them suck on sour candy or have them chew gum.

Question 12

What is Sialadenitis? What are the causative agents?

Answer 12

Inflammation of the salivary gland. Caused by Staph aureus, Viridans strep.

Question 13

Which salivary gland is most commonly affect by tumor?

Answer 13

Parotid gland. If it is int he parotid gland, less than 30% that it is going to be malignant. If located in sublingual gland, more than 70% chance of malignancy.

Question 14

What type of tumor is the most frequent benign salivary gland tumor? What is the second?

Answer 14

Pleomorphic adenoma: has both epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Risk: radiation exposure. Warthin’s tumor is the second.

Question 15

What is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary gland (and the second most common tumor overall of the salivary gland)?

Answer 15

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Question 16

What is the cause of cleft lip?

Answer 16

Congenital failure of the maxillary and medial nasal processes to fuse.

Question 17

What is the cause of the cleft pallet?

Answer 17

Congenital failure of the lateral palatine processes and the nasal septum, and the median palatine processes to fuse together.

Question 18

What are the viruses that can cause the common cold?

Answer 18

Coronavirus. Rhinovirus. Adenovirus. Echovirus.

Question 19

Why does cocaine lead to perforation of the nasal mucosa?

Answer 19

It is a very potent vasoconstrictor that can cause ischemia.

Question 20

What are the four paranasal sinuses?

Answer 20

Frontal. Ethmoid. Sphenoid. Maxillary.