50s/60s Flashcards
(144 cards)
1
Q
2nd 5 year plan aims
A
become major industrial power in record time
catch up w/ britain in 15 years time
self sufficiency
walking on 2 legs
2
Q
sinosoviet split due to
A
khrushchev stalin speech 56
launching of sputnik
peace coexistence w/ us
3
Q
when was anti rightist camp
A
1957
big purge of opposition
4
Q
when did CH plunge to famine
A
59-63
5
Q
when where there 3 million deaths
A
1960
6
Q
when was there 170 million tonnes of grain production
A
1955
7
Q
when was there 143 million grain production
A
1960
8
Q
when where there worst weather conditions recorded in history
A
59 & 60
9
Q
when were all soviet advisers withdrawn
A
1960
10
Q
decentralisation of power
A
ksidi
11
Q
when was anti hu feng campaign
A
1955
12
Q
what was anti hu feng camp
A
literary critic
charged w/ being gmd, imprisoned
launched camp to remove his supporters
hu feng elements
13
Q
what initiated 100 flowers camp
A
debate about pace of economic change
mao wanted to speed up
mao concerned party too bureaucratic
MZT removed from constitution
14
Q
when was 100 flowers campaign
A
1956
15
Q
when did mao get approval for flower camp
A
57
16
Q
whatn was anti rightist camp
A
abandoned flower camp
july attacked
attacked revisionists in party in may
500,000 intells branded rightists
sent to labour camps/county side
wanted u questioning obedience
17
Q
cult of lei feng
A
wanted to be revolutionary screw that never rusts
represented youthful mao, closer to peeps/youth
18
Q
LIN BIAO/PLA
A
oleaginous
59 became defense minister
mao thot military both red & expert
pla in SEM werk teams 65
65 mao abolished all ranks in military
19
Q
jiang qing & kang sheng
A
thot art should promote socialist values
65 mao moved to shanghai, surrounded by shangh radicals
20
Q
why GLF launched
A
only 3.8% rise in agri production
industrial production to grow/undustrial cities expanded if there was surplus of food
chen & zhou reccomended material incentives rejected
21
Q
when did mao declare ch’d be producing 40 million tonnes steel by 70s
A
1957
22
Q
when was steel output 100 million tonnes
A
1958
23
Q
when was responsibility for oversight of economic planning transferred to CCP from state bureaucracy
A
1958
24
Q
when was mao not involved in daily policy making
A
1958
25
when was power struggle between mao & pragmatists
early 60s
26
pragmatists
liu shaoqi
deng x
both purged 1967
chen yun
27
when was conference of 7000 cadres
1962
liu speech blaming mao for GLF
dropped out of public view
limited self criticism
28
when was deng x’s statement cat statement
june 62
so long as it catches mouse it is good cat
dc about ideology
29
when was annual summer conference
1962
mao openly criticised liu & deng
mao had to accept their compromises & agreed on rect camp
30
when did mao issue own 10 point plan
1963
liu & deng issued own plans
31
when was SEM / 4 cleanups movement
1963
reintroduce basic socialist values into society
werk teams sent
32
when was GLF
1958 to 1961
33
when had 100 million peasants opened up 7.8 million hectares of land
jan 1958
34
when was sputnik commune
apr 1958
35
when had 120 million households merged into 26,000 communes
dec 1958
99% of rural pop
36
when were reported grain figures wrong
1958 due to anti rightist camp & purge of intells 1957
37
when were grain figures revised down from 357 to 250 million
1958
38
peoples militia developed
je
39
giant irrigation, terracing & construction projects
brought prosperity to infertile regions
40
when did peng dehuai criticise mao for GLF in lushun conference
thot going too soon too fast
personal letter
leading right-opportunist anti-party clique
1959
41
another purge when
1959
42
four notes camp
eradicate pests
43
backyard furnaces
no prwcious wxoerience of iron melting
44
lysenko agri expert
maos 8 point agri constitution
damaged soil
45
when did chen yun reintroduce intells
1959
46
before CR
chen allowed some private land & material incentives
47
chen recentralisation
bird cage theory
48
up to when pragmas ruling
1963
49
when were all ghost dramas banned
1963
50
when was lunch w/ chen yonggui & slogan in agri learn from dazhai
1964
believed in 2 nos principle
notion of self reliance
51
when did mao accuse liu & deng of running independent kingdoms
1965
52
hai rui dismissed from office written by wu han
yao wenyuan attacked it for being anti socialist
peng zhen (mayor of beijing) held responsible w/ liu & deng
53
culture
wenhua
mindset
54
when was CR
1966
55
when did MAO & allies / shangh radis take over CRG
may 1966
56
when was first large character wall poster (dazibao) displayed at beijing uni
1966
57
when were protests against party leaders spreading from beijing to unis & liu & deng sent work teams who imposed order
1966
58
when did mao swim in yangzi river
1966
59
when was CR legitimised at central party meeting & 16 point plan issued
august 66
60
when was t square rally w/ 1 million RGs & little red books
aug 1966
61
when was rect camp
aug 1966
called uni officials scholar tyrants
party over bureaucratic
told RGs to bombard HQs
62
how many provincial officers purged
70%
63
66 unis/skools closed RGs free to kill from 5 black categs
mao had denounced 4 olds culture, ideas, habits customs
censorship
64
when was party conference & liu & dengs selc criticism
oct 1966
65
when was shangh workers revol general HQs set up w/ CRG/Mao & shangh red detachment street battles
nov 1966
66
when did wrgh take control of shangh newspaper
jan 1967
67
when did mao send zhang & yao to set up political authority in shangh
set up shangh’s peeps commune
free elections
mao declared there must be party somehow
mao disbanded it & replaced w/ shangh revol cmtw
68
when was feb crackdown
1967
military commanders in sichuan & wuhan armed forces to supress rgs
69
what was feb adverse current
backlash against excess of CR
RGs cant travel
70
when did politburo cease to function
power exercised by CRG
feb 1967
71
how many killed in RG clashes
600 in wuhan
72
when did mao realise PLA could be undermined
aug 1967
73
earlier chaos blamed on tiny may 16 group crackdown initiated
pla could open fire
& radicals in CRG purged
74
when did cleansing ranks & victs sent to labour camps
1968
75
when was rusticatio programme
12 million youth sent to werk & learn from country
party cadres sent to may 7th cadre skools
76
when was last of 29 provincial revol cmtes set up
sep 1968
77
apr 69 end of CR clear & desicive victory
hh
78
when were 80% of cadres purged
end of 1969
79
when were jaing q yao & zhang chunqiao elevated to politburo
1969
80
when did mao give radics control of centeal cmtes org & propaganda group
nov 1970
81
mamagers & techs replaced by revol cmtes so production suffered
j
82
workers drawn to political struggles so distracted
industrial production fell by 13% in 1967
83
peasants not drawn into revol activity
grain production up in 67 & 69
84
when did skools & unis open again
1969
85
lost generation
couldnt resume education
86
new rural clinics opened & 1968 new rural coop medical scheme extended across all areas
j
87
preists , nuns monks subjected to violence & reeducation
h
88
public spaces became venues for systemic killings
giangxi 6700 deaths
1/3 of homes in beijing entered
89
total death toll of CR
850,000
90
8 model plays allowed
n
91
lin made efforts to ensure mao kept post of state chairman
end of 1970
throwing stones
mixing in sand
digging up cornerstone
92
1971 lin sons arranging coup & plans of setting up rival regime in guangong
plans reached zhou & got plane to not refuel
93
when were zhou & pragmas viewed in positive light
zhou restored order in industry
began increased contact w/ western capitalist powers to acquire tech & experts
four modernisations
1972
94
when were examinations reintroduced for uni entrance
1973
95
9 rads in politburo when
1973
96
when was wang hongwen new successor
1973
rehabilitated deng
97
when did jiang launch anti-confucius camp
1973
zhou
mao supported at 1st
became anothwr factional war
wang closely identified w/ radics
98
when did jiang attack deng at polit meeting
oct 1974
99
1975 mao realised wang not fit
j
100
when did deng take political control of pla & place on polit
jan 1975
continued 4 moderns
101
when were g of 4 forced to make self critics
summer 1975
102
mao believed g of 4 attacks on deng
thot he was reversing verdict
103
when did mao make clear opposition to dengs policies
oct 1975
104
when did zhou die
jan 1976
105
zhang ordered article claiming Z capitalist roader
sympathy, protests in nanjing & beijing
106
festival of the dead 2 million peeps 1976
polit said counter revol incident blamed deng
deng dismissed
hus goefeng appointed successor
107
76
mao dies
108
when did nixon come to ch
1972
109
when did soviet PM alexei kosygin meet w/ z
1969
no agreement reached, no war
110
ping pong diplomacy
us table tennis team
71
1st since 49
111
when did advisor kissinger gi to beijing
liften ban on trade w/ ch
removed Taiwans seat at UN PRC took
112
4 moderns
opening up to foreign invwstment trade & tech
| agri defence science tech
113
tech transfer programme
rolls royce signed $100 million agreement to built jet engines in 1975
114
case of zhang tiesan promoted against exams
too busy werking to study
model revolutionary
115
70s FP
supporting n vietnam
debates over support to comm rebels in burma
khmer rouge extremists took over cambodia
millions starved & executed
ch diplomats sharing out little red books & mao badges in kenya & sri lanka
116
border clashes w/ ussr in ussuri river in 1969
3 rd line defences vulnerable so need US as ally
h
117
oct 1976 hua ordered arrest of g of 4
trial in 1980
118
hua had support of pla & approval of mao
maoism straightjacket
j
119
when were hua’s 2 whatevers
feb 1977
whatever policy mao decided
120
when was deng restored to his positions in party
1977
seek truth from facts
121
when decision about t square incident reversed
nov 1978
122
when was 3rd plenum meeting
1978
victims of CR rehabbed some put in polit
123
adopted open door policy
put competition into ch economy
ogan to get rich is glorious
124
special economic zones
1979 to facilitate cross border trade
successful 1984 extended
125
for capitalists encouraged to invest in joint enterprises thru low tax rates & state investment
j
126
80s & 90s export trade grew by 500%
j
127
90s
removed state subsidies exposing enterprises to market forces
many declared bankrupt
128
unemployement
n
129
1979-89 ch approved 22,000 for investment projects
n
130
amongst cadres 73% had primary education
n
131
communes broken up & replaced by xiang smaller collectives
had prod targets
werk unites replaced by household responsibility system
by 1989 90% of households involved
k
132
western leaders had contact w/ activists like fang lizhi
j
133
student protests in beijing in 1985
hefei in 1986 more serious
134
fang lizhi tour of unis 1986
showed state of china
j
135
price & rent rises
lay-off from work
harsh working conditions
begging homelessness & strikes, crime
n
136
new law meant cadres couldnt stand above law
new robust system of supervision
137
military ranks reformed no rep in polit
j
138
older cadres retired w/ establishment of central advisory commision
supervisory role
j
139
death of leader hu yaobang in 1989 lef to t square protests of 100,000
k
140
1986 deng thru weight behind conserv faction
87 movement losing momentum tightening if oress censoship
89 soviet leader gorbachev visited beijing, wolrds media focused on capital
zhao still teying to find peaceful solution
d
141
may 1989 d declared martial law
pla moved quarter of million troops in
may 89 pla seniors protest martial law
142
new anti corruption camp summer 1989
extended economic reforms after slowing down
tensions w/ ussr in early 80s
change of leadership in china 78 & in USSR in 82 renewal of diplomatic contacts
trade agreemnt 86
143
trade agreement w/ japan 78
sino japanese friendship teeaty 78
deng visited us 1979
144
91 full trading links w/ US RESTORED
84 signing of sino- british joint declaration
return of hong kong in 97
one nation two systems
ch invaded vietnam in 79
large scale commercial involvement in african countries
neocolonialism
PRC joined un in 71
