5.1 Structure of the Skin

Question 1

Names for skin

Answer 1

Cutaneous membrane or integument

Question 2

Skin properties

Answer 2

Covers surface of body
largest organ
1.8m ^2
Contains all 4 types of tissues (what makes it an organ)

Question 3

Integumentary system

Answer 3

Made of skin and accessory organs

Question 4

Regions of the skin

Answer 4

Epidermis and dermis

Question 5

Hypodermis

Answer 5

Subcutaneous tissue - attaches skin to underlying tissue

Question 6

Epidermis location

Answer 6

Outer, thinner region of skin

Question 7

Epidermis cells

Answer 7

Squamous epithelium

Question 8

Layers of epidermis

Answer 8

Layers- strata
Deep to Superficial
Stratum basale
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum lucidum
stratum corneum

Question 9

Stratum basale location

Answer 9

Superficial to the dermis
Bottom layer of epidermis

Question 10

Stratum basale cell division

Answer 10

Cells constantly divide and new cells are pushed up
they die and slough off

Question 11

Stratum basale cells

Answer 11

Keratinocytes
Langerhans cells
Melanocytes

Question 12

Kerattinocytes

Answer 12

found in stratum basale
most numerous
produce keratin

Question 13

Keratin

Answer 13

A water proofing protein

Question 14

Langerhans cells

Answer 14

Found in stratum basale
macrophages - a type of white blood cell
works to fight infection

Question 15

Melanocytes

Answer 15

Found in stratum basale
produce melanin
give us our skin color and protection from UV radiation

Question 16

Albanisms

Answer 16

defective melanin

Question 17

Sensory nerves in stratum basale

Answer 17

Free nerve endings
Tactile (merkel) cells

Question 18

Free nerve endings

Answer 18

give us pain and temperature sensations
found in stratum basale

Question 19

Tactile cells

Answer 19

Merkel cells
found in stratum basale
give us touch sensations

Question 20

Stratum Spinosum

Answer 20

Cells divide like stratum basale
Spiny appearance due to keratin fibers

Question 21

Stratum granulosum

Answer 21

Flattened cells
lots of keratin and dark-staining pigment granules

Question 22

Stratum lucidum

Answer 22

found in thick skin
deep to stratum corneum
provides protection from friction

Question 23

Stratum corneum location

Answer 23

tough, uppermost layer of epidermis

Question 24

Stratum corneum cells and function

Answer 24

Cells are keratinized (hardened) and dead - prevents water loss/gain
Serves as a mechanical barrier against microbes

Question 25

Dermic properties

Answer 25

Thicker than epidermis dense irregular connective tissue

Question 26

Dermis anchoring

Answer 26

Dermal papillae in most superficial layer - anchor to epidermis, uneven areas create fingerprints

Question 27

Fibers of dermis

Answer 27

Collagenous Elastic sensory nerve fibers

Question 28

Collagenous fibers in dermis

Answer 28

Prevent skin from being torn

Question 29

Elastic fibers in dermis

Answer 29

Stretch to allow movement of muscles and joints

Question 30

Dermis - vascular

Answer 30

Vascularization supplies oxygen and nutrients to cells of the dermis and epidermis and causes temporary skin color change (flushing of skin) -dermis contains blood vessels that transport oxygen

Question 31

Hypodermis location

Answer 31

Subcutaneous layer - below dermis

Question 32

Hypodermis tissues

Answer 32

Adipose tissue provides energy storage, insulation, and protective padding loose connective tissue

Question 33

Hypodermis injections

Answer 33

Subcutaneous injections are given with a hypodermic needle