5.1 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS Flashcards
_________ Used to convey messages from about 700 B.C.E.
carrier pigeons
It is where the first long-distance communication systems were based on (e.g. drums and horns, smoke signals and beacon fires)
signals of sound and light
________ alerted the British of the arrival of the Spanish Armada in 1588 C.E.
signal fires
The Chinese used _____ as signals to warn of an imminent attack on the Great Wall
rockets
Native Americans communicated by covering and uncovering a _____ with a blanket to produce smoke signals or by beating drums
bonfire
The British Navy sent signals at night by raising and lowering a lantern, which coincidentally was the same way ________ was signaled with news of the arrival of the British.
Paul Revere
In instances when clear vision was difficult (e.g., fog), bells or _____ and _______ sent signals.
whistles and fired weapons
Used in traditional long-distance communication until almost 1800
Horse-mounted Dispatch Riders
Developed an optical telegraph (semaphore) system of Stations built on rooftops or towers that were visible from a great distance in 1793
Frenchman Claude Chappe
Each _________ consisted of a column-like tower with a moveable beam. Attached to the beam were two moveable arms. o The beam and arms were swiveled with ropes, conveying different
semaphore station
This system allowed the French to send a concise message over ______ (160 km) in less than 5 min as long as visibility was good.
100 miles
Developed another type of optical telegraph system with ten collapsible iron shutters, which when placed in various positions formed combinations of numbers that were translated into letters, words, or phrases
Swede A, N. Edelcrantz
__________ were also used in Boston, New York City, and San Francisco at that time.
Crude Semaphore Systems
Transmitted the first practical electrical signal in 1830
Joseph Henry
Patented the first functional electrical communication system in 1831
Samuel Morse
An electric telegraph with its system of electrical impulses identified as dots and dashes that eventually became known as _____
Morse Code
The first message sent by electric telegraph was _______________ from the Supreme Court Room in the U.S. Capitol to the railway depot at Baltimore on May 24, 1844.
“What hath God wrought,”
in 1861, there were over _____ telegraph offices in operation across America and the East and West coasts were connected
2000
Invented an electrical speech machine that transmitted voice over wires and became known as the telephone, on March 10, 1876, in Boston, Massachusetts
Alexander Graham Bell
________ were the first words accidentally spoken into the new invention.
“Mr. Watson, come here, I want you!”
In 1880, the first telephone company, ________, was formed and over 30 000 phones were in use.
American Bell
In ____, over ten million American Bell System telephones were in service.
1920
Italian inventor who demonstrated the first radio transmission in 1895 that was received out of a line of sight (about 2 miles) on the grounds of his family estate in Italy.
Gugliemo Marconi
Six years later in Newfoundland, Canada, Marconi’s radio received a ______ that was sent across the Atlantic Ocean by one of his associates in Cornwall, England. The signal was an “S” sent in Morse Code format, “dot, dot, dot.” It demonstrated that radio waves could bounce off the upper atmosphere.
weak signal
Italian physicist who invented a pantelegraph in 1865 for transmitting pictures, the first commercial fax system.
Giobanni Caselli
The first transmission of pictures over ______ wires was publicly demonstrated on May 19, 1924.
telephone
On January 23, 1926, __________ of Scotland gave the first public demonstration of a mechanical television with images of living human faces, not just outlines or silhouettes.
John Logie Baird
Is the transmission, emission, or reception of Signs, signals, writing, images, sounds, or information of any nature by wire, radio, optical, or other electromagnetic systems
Telecommunication
Uses electricity, light (visible and infrared), or radio waves to transmit signals that carry voice and data transmissions
Telecommunication System
Is a telecommunications device that functions as a transmitter and receiver
Transceiver
Is the range between the highest and lowest frequencies of transmission, measured in hertz (Hz), cycles per second. Bandwidth varies with the type and method of transmission. It is a measure of the information capacity.
Bandwidth
The conversion of useful sound or data into electrical impulses. Capable of transmitting both voice and nonvoice messages
Analog Transmission
__________ are bulky when transmitted in an analog format, so they cannot be transmitted rapidly.
Nonvoice transmissions
Involves a transmission of a signal that varies in voltage to represent one of two separate states
Digital Transmission
Is a collection of communication a equipment and devices that are interconnected so they can communicate in order to share data, hardware, and software or perform an electronic function
Telecommunication Network
