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AP World History > END OF PERIOD 6 VOCAB > Flashcards

END OF PERIOD 6 VOCAB Flashcards

1
Q

Mohandas K. Gandhi

A

Native Indian who questioned people’s status within the British empire
Satyagraha - philosophy concerned with truth and resistance to evil through nonviolent resistance
Helped bring India independence

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2
Q

Amritsar

A

Where British officers ordered the massacre of peaceful protesters in 1919
379 people killed and many wounded

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3
Q

Muhammad Ali Jinnah

A

Head of Muslim league

Fought for two states: Hindu India and Islamic Pakistan

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4
Q

Jawaharlal Nehru

A

First prime minister of India after independence

Favored nonalignment during Cold War

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5
Q

Nonalignment

A

A policy of neutrality during the Cold War

Promoted by Indian prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru

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6
Q

Bandung conference

A

Meeting of 29 African and Asian nations

Promote economic and cultural cooperation to oppose colonialism

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7
Q

Sukarno

A

First president of Indonesia

Leader of his country’s struggle for independence from the Netherlands

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8
Q

Kikuyu Highlands

A

7 million acres of kenya’s farmland seized by white farmers

Many Africans forced off land and lost jobs

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9
Q

Congo-Ocean Railway

A

French colonial officials roundup 10,000 workers to complete a project linking Brazzaville to point-noir

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10
Q

Jomo Kenyatta

A

Leader of independence movement in Kenya

First prime minister

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11
Q

Neocolonialism

A

Subtle form of imperial control
Foreign economic domination
Came from industrial-capitalists like US and Britain

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12
Q

Dollar diplomacy

A

Called for businesses to develop foreign markets through powerful commerce

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13
Q

Lázaro Cárdenas

A

President of Mexico

Nationalized oil industry

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14
Q

Marcus Garvey

A

Native of Jamaica
Leader of black nationalism
Called for blacks to return to Africa

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15
Q

Frantz Fanon

A

Important political leader in Algeria

Called for violence against French colonial forces

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16
Q

Kwame Nkrumah

A

Leader of successful independence movement in Ghana

Became political leader there

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17
Q

Nelson Mandela

A

South African African national congress leader
Prison from 1961-1990 for opposition to apartheid
Became president of South Africa

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18
Q

ANC

A

African national congress
Organization founded in 1912 to represent interests of black Africans in South Africa
Supported publication of freedom charter

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19
Q

Apartheid

A

Facial policy in South Africa
Strict segregation of black, white, and “colored” people in land landed ship, residence, marriage, work, education, religion, and sport

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20
Q

Sharpeville

A

Black township in South Africa

Site of massacre of black African protestors

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21
Q

Islamism

A

A desire to reassert Islam values in Muslim politics

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22
Q

Muslim Brotherhood

A

Organization of Muslims
Combined program of political action, charity work, and military action to bring development of strived Islamic communities
Opposed western influences

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23
Q

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

A

President of turkey

Thousands of new schools were built, increased education

24
Q

Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi

A

King of Iran

Introduced white revolution - reforms to transform Iran into a global power and modernize

25
Q

Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini

A

Iranian Shiite leader

Declared Iran a republic

26
Q

Salvador Allende

A

First Marxist to win election as president of a Latin American country
Nationalized industries and collectivization of agriculture

27
Q

Augusto Pinochet

A

Military dictator of chile

Used murder, imprisonment, and torture to discourage political opponents

28
Q

Hugo Chavez

A

President of Venezuela
Founded a new political party
Marxist approach to redistributing wealth, reducing poverty

29
Q

GATT

A

General agreement on tariffs and trade

Agreement of noncommunist nations to promote unrestricted global trade

30
Q

WTO

A

World trade organization

Took over activities of GATT

31
Q

IMF

A

International Monetary Fund
Reconstruct payment systems
Foster global monetary cooperation
Promote employment and reduce poverty

32
Q

TNCs

A

Transnational Corporations

Organizations that own or control production of goods or services in one or more countries

33
Q

Reglobalization

A

Dramatic quickening of global economic transactions after WWII
accelerating circulations of goods, capital, and people

34
Q

Little Tigers

A

Nickname gained by Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan for rapid growth rates

35
Q

European Union

A

Development dedicated to increasing European economic and political integration
Common market and free trade

36
Q

OPEC

A

Organization of petroleum exporting countries

Started to raise price of oil

37
Q

State capitalism

A

Maximize profits for national governments rather than private individuals or corporations

38
Q

Global South

A

Geographic division of wealth in which southern countries suffer in comparison to wealth enjoyed by countries in northern regions

39
Q

Feminist Movement

A

Protests against unfair treatment and continuing male dominance in a civilized society

40
Q

Betty Friedan

A

Feminist leader in the US
Wrote book the feminine mystique
Inspired second wave of feminism that focused on better pay, greater employment, sexual freedom

41
Q

Benazir Bhutto

A

Prime minister of Pakistan

Woman elected to power

42
Q

Daw Aung San Suu Kyi

A

Important leader of pro democracy movement in Myanmar

Awarded Nobel peace prize

43
Q

Marriage law

A

Passed in 1950 by communist leaders in China
Abolished patriarchal practices
Equal rights for men and women

44
Q

Statistical disappearance

A

Unexplained disappearance of baby girls due to one child policy in China

45
Q

Dowry deaths

A

Wife doused with kerosene and set on fire

Makes birth of Indian girl burdensome

46
Q

Guest workers

A

Migrants from developing country to developed country in search of better opportunities

47
Q

Fundamentalism

A

Strong reactions in several different religious traditions in opposition to modernity

48
Q

Habib Bourgaiba

A

President of tunisia after independence from France

Secular approach to women’s rights

49
Q

Jihad

A

Struck Muslims called for a return to “the straight path of Islam”
Defense of authentic Islam against western aggression

50
Q

Anwar Sadat

A

Egyptian
Masterminded surprise attack on Israel
Facilitated peace process with Israel

51
Q

Al-Qaeda

A

“The base”

Coordinating center for a network of Islamic terrorist organizations

52
Q

Taliban

A

Fundamental Islamic government
Enforced strict Islam policy
Radically religious government which limits freedoms and uses violence

53
Q

Rachel Carson

A

Early environmentalist who described impact of chemical contamination

54
Q

Green peace

A

International environmental organization

Goal to ensure ability of earth to nurture life in all its diversity

55
Q

Club of Rome

A

Group of economists and scientists who met to study population and economic growth in relation to capacity of the earth

56
Q

Chernobyl

A

Site of nuclear accident in Ukraine

Released radioactive particles into atmosphere

AP World History (5 decks)

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