Succesion 🌴🐬🌺😻

Question 1

During succession common features emerge …?

Answer 1

The non living environment becomes less HOSTILE!!
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Greater number and variety of habitats 
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Increased biodiversity
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More complex food webs 
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Increased biomass

Question 2

In a climax community there is…?

Answer 2

A dominant animal species and a dominant plant species 🌸🐯🌺🐅🌻🐬🌴🐰

Question 3

Pioneer species have features to suit them to colonise…?

Answer 3

Production of vast quantities of wind-dispersed seeds or spores
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Rapid germination of seeds in arrival so they don’t require a period of dormancy
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Ability to photosynthesis (light available but no other food) not dependent on animals!
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Ability to fix N2 from atmosphere - v.few nitrates available
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Tolerant to extreme conditions!!

Question 4

The first stage of succession ….?

Answer 4

Is colonisation of an inhospitable environment by pioneer species!!!

Question 5

Definition of succession ?

Answer 5

A general term for plants colonising an area of bare land

Question 6

Pioneer species do??

Answer 6

Stabilise the environment to is becomes less HOSTILE

Soul development to increase the humus from decomposed plants

Change soil pH to become more neutral

Roots enable soil to hold more water
Decomposed plants release more nutrients (nitrates or carbon)

Form micro habitat to reduce exposure / provide shelter / reduce erosion

Question 7

Climax community ??

Answer 7

Final stage of succession, normally a forest, maximum amount of biodiversity, with one dominant species!!
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Question 8

Important changes at the beginning of succession ??

Answer 8

-few plants
-little shade
- high light intensity
…..therefore more photosynthesis
…..therefore plants grow rapidly
-hot in day as no shade
-cold at night as no shelter

Question 9

Important changes at the end of succession (climax community)??

Answer 9

-lots of plants
-lots of shade
-low light intensity
……therefore less photosynthesis
-constant temperature
-increased biomass (more plants, bigger plants, more animals)
- increased biodiversity
- more nutrients (carbon and nitrogen)
-less HOSTILE

Question 10

Primary succession ??

Answer 10

Plants that colonise new land that has never has plants in it before (e.g. A beach)

Question 11

Secondary succession??

Answer 11

Plants that colonise land that uses to have plants on (e.g. After a larva flow or after deforestation)

Question 12

Secondary succession is much faster than primary succession because….?

Answer 12

There is already an existing seed bank of suitable plants in the soil
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Root systems in the soil can rapidly regenerate
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There are already nutrients in the soil
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