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Developmental Psychology > Adolescence > Flashcards

Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main categories of youth

A

Ideal
Parasite
Threat
Victim

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2
Q

What period of age is ‘adolescence?’

A

12-20yrs

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3
Q

At what ages does puberty occur for Males?

A

10-14yrs

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4
Q

At what age does puberty occur for Females?

A

9-17yrs

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5
Q

Issues for non-normative puberty in males?

A

EARLY - Academic, emotional and behavioural probs

LATE - Self esteem issues

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6
Q

Positives for non-normative puberty in males?

A

EALRY - Opportunities for leadership and higher social status
LATE - positive qualites, less pressure to engage in risk

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7
Q

Issues for non-norm pub in females

A

EARLY - Neg short and long term, premature dating and sexual encounters, vulnerable to STI’s, eating disorders, depression, poor academic
LATE - lower peer status

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8
Q

What is Piaget’s cognitive stance?

A

Formal operational thought - logical, abstract thought = propositional thinking
Hypothetico-deductive reasoning - systematic, scientific approach

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9
Q

What did Piaget assume to have developed in adols

A

Horizontal decalage - parallel thought capabilities

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10
Q

What do the component processing theories argue?

A

Dev in cognition leads to:

  • Greater knowledge
  • Improved skills
  • Improved memory (short, working and long term)
  • Improved attention and meta-cognition
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11
Q

What do King and Kitcher (1994) theorise about crit, thinking

A
  • Reflection, creativity
  • Understanding own knowledge
  • Values, beliefs
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12
Q

What are the 3 stages of Kohlbergs Moral Dev?

A
  1. Preconventional
  2. Conventional
  3. Post-conventional
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13
Q

What did the preconventional stage involve?

A

External rewards and punishments

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14
Q

What did the conventional stage involve?

A

Trying to please people

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15
Q

What did the post-conventional stage involve?

A

Guided by moral code

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16
Q

What does Kohberg’s theroy measure?

A

Moral dev of young boys

17
Q

What did Gilligan’s theory measure?

A

Moral dev of girls

18
Q

What are the 3 stages of Gilligan’s Theory

A
  1. Survival orientation
  2. Conventional care
  3. Integrated care
19
Q

What are the features of survival orientation?

A

Egocentric concern for self, lack of awareness of others needs, right action - self-survival

20
Q

What are the features of conventional care?

A

Whatever please others is best or ‘right’ action

21
Q

What are the features of integrated care?

A

Integration of what is right for self and others

22
Q

What does Erikson’s 5th stage involve?

A

Identity VS Role confusion

23
Q

What are the 4 areas of Marcia’s identity status model?

A

Identity:

Achievement, Foreclosure, Moratorium, Diffusion

24
Q

What is present/lacking in Identity Achievement

A

Present - Crisis and Commitment

25
Q

What is present/lacking in Identity Foreclosure

A

Present - Commitment

Absent - Crisis

26
Q

What is present/lacking in Identity Moratorium

A

Present - Crisis

Absent - Commitment

27
Q

What is present/lacking in Identity Diffusion

A

Absent - Commitment and Crisis

28
Q

What does Identity Achievement involve?

A

Personal critical analysis

Identity reached with exploration

29
Q

What does Identity Foreclosure involve?

A

Identity with no reflection

30
Q

What does Identity Moratorium involve?

A

Exploration of roles and options - no decision made yet

31
Q

What does Identity Diffusion involve?

A

Free spirit, party goer - no reflection or commitment

32
Q

What are some factors affecting identity dev?

A

Psych moratorium, personality/health facotrs, peer group attachments, imaginary audience, culture

33
Q

What is self-concept?

A

Comparisons with others and self - constant interactions

34
Q

What is self-esteem?

A

Inner-self evaluation

Associated with transitions, stresses, school

35
Q

What 2 types of adols did Dunphy (‘63) determine?

A

Clique & Crowd

36
Q

What does a Clique involve?

A

3-9 members
Inflexible boundaries
Close relationships
Security, norms

37
Q

What does a crowd involve?

A

20 members
Group identity
Based on representation - parties, sports

38
Q

Influences of pos adol?

A 
Child-rearing practices
Peers
School characteristics (teacher rels, friendships, curriculum) 
Employment
Hobbies

Developmental Psychology (5 decks)

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