5.1.1 Cellular Control

Question 1

state that genes code for polypeptides, including enzymes

Question 2

explain the meaning of the term genetic code

Question 3

describe, with the aid of diagrams, the way in which a nucleotide sequence codes for the amino acid sequence in a polypeptide

Question 4

describe, with the aid of diagrams, how the sequence of nucleotides within a gene is used to construct a polypeptide, including the roles of messenger RNA, transfer RNA and ribosomes;

Question 5

state that mutations cause changes to the sequence of nucleotides in DNA molecules

Question 6

explain how mutations can have beneficial, neutral or harmful effects on the way a protein functions

Question 7

state that cyclic AMP activates proteins by altering their three-dimensional structure;

Question 8

explain genetic control of protein production in a prokaryote using the lac operon

Question 9

explain that the genes that control development of body plans are similar in plants, animals and fungi, with reference to homeobox sequences (HSW1);

Question 10

outline how apoptosis (programmed cell death) can act as a mechanism to change body plans.