Structure and Function of Blood Flashcards
What are platelets?
Small cells without nucleus involved in coagulation - form initial plug prior to clotting proteins forming a thrombus
What are basophils?
Granulocyte, contain histamine, have large blue granules and lobed nucleus
What are neutrophils?
Most common white cell with lobed nucleus, fine granules
What are eosinophils?
Lobed nucleus with brick red cytoplasm (granular)
What are monocytes?
Kidney shaped nucleus –> macrophages
What are lymphocytes?
Cells of adaptive immunity with little cytoplasm and round nucleus
What do NK cells do?
Provide viral and tumour immunity
What is plasma?
Has water, salts, and proteins e.g. albumin, globulin and fibrinogen
What structure in haemoglobin binds free hydrogen ions?
Histidine
Which plasma proteins are involved in the inlflammatory response?
Complement proteins and cytokines
Which molecule eventually forms a blood clot?
Fibrinogen
Define ‘anaemia’
Decreased production or increased loss of red blood cells
How does the body respond to anaemia?
Anaemia –> renal hypoxia –> increased EPO –> increased RBC production
What is microcytic anaemia?
When MCV is less than 80fl, –> iron-deficiency
What is normocytic anaemia?
MCV 80-100fL –> acute blood loss, renal failure or chronic disease
