Organic reactions Flashcards
Alkanes—->CO2+H2O
Name of reaction: Combustion
Reagent: O2
Conditions: Heat
Alkanes—->Alkenes
Name of reaction: Thermal cracking
Conditions:7000kPa/1200K
Name of reaction: Catalytic cracking
Conditions:720K/zeolite catalyst SiO2 and Al2O3
Alkanes—->Haloalkanes
Name of reaction: Free-radical substitution
Reagents: Cl2/Br2
Conditions:UV light
Haloalkane—>Alcohol
Name of reaction-Nucleophilic Substitution
Reagent:KOH/NaOH
Conditions: Ethanolic/aq solvent/RT
Haloalkane—->Nitrile
Name of reaction- Nucleophilic Substitution
Reagent:KCN
Conditions: Ethanolic/aq solvent/RT
Haloalkane—->Primary Amine
Name of reaction-Nucleophilic Substitution
Reagent: XS conc NH3
Conditions: Ethanolic/solvent/pressure
Haloalkane—>Alkene
Name of reaction-Elimination
Reagent: KOH/NaOH
Conditions: Heated/Ethanol (no water)
Alkenes—->CO2+H20
Name of reaction: Combustion
Reagents:O2
Conditions: Heat
Alkenes—->Haloalkane
Name of reaction: Electrophilic addition
Reagent: HBr/HCl/HI
Conditions: RT/150
Alkenes—–>Dihaloalkane
Name of reaction: Electrophillic addition
Reagent: Cl2/Br2
Conditions: RT
Alkenes—->Alcohols
Name of reaction:Electrophilic addition Reagent: concentrate H2SO4 and water Conditions: RT Name of reaction: Electrophillic addition Reagent: conc H3PO4 catalyst and steam. Condiitions: Heat and pressure.
Alkenes—->Low density polymer
Name of reaction: Free radical addition
Conditions: High temp/High pressure to make LDPE
Alkenes—->High density polymer
Name of reaction: Free radical addition
Conditions: Temp just over RT and slight pressure.
Alcohol—->CO2+H2O
Name of reaction: Combustion
Reagents: O2
Conditions: Heat
Alcohol—->Aldehyde
Name of reaction: Oxidation
Reagent: Potassium dichromate acidified with dil H2SO4
Condition: Distillation
Secondary Alcohol—->Ketone
Name of reaction: Oxidation
Reagent: Potassium dichromate acidified with dil H2SO4
Condition: Distillation
Primary Alcohol—>Carboxylic acid
Name of reaction: Oxidation
Reagent: Potassium dichromate acid with concentrated H2SO4 (XS REAGENT)
Condition: Heat under reflux
Primary Alcohol—->Alkene
Name of reaction: Elimination
Reagent: XS conc H2SO4
Condition: Heat
Primary Alcohol—->Alkene
Name of reaction: Elimination
Reagent:Al2O3
Condition:600K