The heart in systemic diseases

Question 1

acromegaly

Answer 1

incr BP, LVH, HCM, high outputcardiac failure,CAD

Question 2

amyloidosis

Answer 2

restrictive cardiomyopathy, bright myocardium on echo

Question 3

ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 3

conduction defects, AV block, AR

Question 4

behcets disease

Answer 4

AR, arterial +- venous thrombi

Question 5

cushings

Answer 5

HTN

Question 6

downs

Answer 6

ASD, VSD, MR

Question 7

ehlers danlos

Answer 7

mitral valve prolapse + hyper elastic skin +- aneurysms and GI bleeds, joints are loose and hypermobile, mutations

Question 8

friedreichs ataxia

Answer 8

HCM, dilatation over time

Question 9

haemochromatosis

Answer 9

AF, cardiomyopathy

Question 10

Holt- Oram

Answer 10

ASD or VSD with upper limb defects

Question 11

HIV

Answer 11

myocarditis, DCM, effusion, ventricular arrhythmias, SBE/IE, non infective thrombotic endocarditis, RVF, metastatic Kaposi sarcoma

Question 12

hypothyroidism

Answer 12

sinus bradycardia,low pulse pressure, pericardial effusion, CAD, low voltage ECG

Question 13

Kawasaki disease

Answer 13

coronary arteritis

Question 14

klinefelters

Answer 14

ASD, psychopathy, LD, decr libido, gynaecomastia, sparse facial hair, small firm testes, XXY

Question 15

marfan

Answer 15

mitral valve prolapse, AR, aortic dissection. long fingers, high arched palate

Question 16

noonan

Answer 16

ASD, pulmonary stenosis +- low set ears

Question 17

PAN

Answer 17

small and medium vessel vasculitis + angina, MI, arrhythmias, CCF, pericarditis, conduction defects

Question 18

RA

Answer 18

conduction defects, pericarditis, LV dysfunction, AR, coronary arteritis

Question 19

sarcoidosis

Answer 19

infiltrating granulomas may cause complete AV block, VT or SVT, myocarditis, CCF, restrictive cardiomyopathy, ECG- Q waves

Question 20

syphilis

Answer 20

myocarditis, ascending aortic aneurysm

Question 21

SLE

Answer 21

pericarditis/effusion, myocarditis, mitral valve prolapse, libman sacks endocarditis, coronary arteritis

Question 22

systemic sclerosis

Answer 22

pericarditis, pericardial effusion, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial ischaemia, conduction defects, cardiomyopathy

Question 23

thyrotoxicosis

Answer 23

incr pulse, AF +- emboli, wide pulse pressure, myocardial fibrosis, myocardial ischaemia, conduction defects, cardiomyopathy

Question 24

turners

Answer 24

coarctation of the aorta, webbed neck

Question 25

williams

Answer 25

supravalvular AS