Autoimmunity

Question 1

Causes

Answer 1

Less Treg cells, overactive T cells, oestrogen, infection, trauma, smoking

Question 2

Coeliac

Answer 2

Tissue transglutamase alters gluten so it binds to HLA
Il-15 expressed which makes intraepithelial lymphocytes kill enterocytes
Can get dermatitis, gastritis and colitis
Increased lymphoma risk

Question 3

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 3

Protein citrullinated

Question 4

Hashimotos Thyroiditis

Answer 4

Hypothyroidism
Abs to thryoglobulin destroy follicles
Chronic inflam
Increased risk of lymphoma and papillary carcinoma

Question 5

Grave’s Disease

Answer 5

Hyperthyroidism
Abs to anti-TSH
Stimulated thyroid gland
Hyperplasia of epithelium

Question 6

Myasthenia Gravis

Answer 6

Abs block ACh receptors

Question 7

Pernicious Anaemia

Answer 7

Abs block intrinsic factor

B12 isn’t absorbed

Question 8

SLE

Answer 8

Apoptosis fails
ANA Abs attack nuclei remains
Symps= inflammed kidney, fatigue, seizures, rashes, arthralgia

Question 9

Scleroderma

Answer 9

Ischamia and fibrosis thickens+tightens skin

Question 10

Vasculitis

Answer 10

Anti-neutrophil Abs cause inflam in vessels

Can get granulomas