The Renal System Flashcards
What forms the renal system?
Bladder, Kidney, Ureter and Urethra.
Role of the Ureter/Urethra?
Ureter = Takes urine from the kidney to bladder. Urethra = Removes urine from the bladder to the exterior.
What happens during tubular reabsorption in the nephron?
Solute is removed from the filtrate and returned to the blood.
What happens during tubular secretion in the nephron?
Removes additional waste from the blood and returns it to the filtrate.
What is glomerular filtration?
Filtering of blood to produce protein free plasma from the glomerulus to bowman’s capsule.
The role of the proximal convoluted tube?
Reabsorbs chemicals from other parts of the nephron; sodium, glucose and amino acids.
The role of the loop of henle?
Counter current exchange (sodium and water), concentrating urine and conserving water.
What does aldosterone do?
Stimulates sodium reabsorption, Potassium excretion and increases blood volume.
What does ANP do?
Increases sodium excretion and decreases blood volume.
The role of renin?
To control body fluid.
The role of Erythropoetin?
Stimulate red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
What does Calcitrol do?
Activates vitamin D.
What is the largest cause of renal failure?
Diabetes.
The effects of hypertension on the kidney?
Damages the glomeruli in the nephron reducing the ability to filter blood (glomerulonephritis)
