Unit 3- Nuclear weaponry and the Cuban missile crisis (1949-63)

Question 1

explain 3 reasons why Nuclear weaponry during this time period increased tensions?

Answer 1

…both saw one another as “MAD”.
… tried to compete to see who was more economically and technologically advanced.
… developed of the arms race- nuclear weaponry.

Question 2

when was the B52 created? (US bomber)

Answer 2

1955.

Question 3

When was sputnik launched?

Answer 3

1957- it was the first space shuttle to enter space (USSR). Showed at the time how technologically advanced they were in comparison with the US.

Question 4

what was the first living thing to go into space and when?

Answer 4

a dog send by the USSR.

Question 5

what was the Cuban missile crisis?

Answer 5

it was where Khrushchev wanted to invade the US. he was planning on planting ICBM’s in Cuba to attack the USA. Cuba is only 200 miles off the coast on the US. US spy planes saw what they were doing and cut the supplies off from getting to their.

Question 6

when was the Cuban missile crisis?

Answer 6

October 1962- it lasted for 13 days.

Question 7

when did Kennedy come into power and until when?

Answer 7

1950-53. (Assassinated in Boston)

Question 8

when was the bay of pigs invasion and was it a success or failure?

Answer 8

it was where the US tried to invade an island/beach in Cuba, and it was seen as unsuccessful for Kennedy.

Question 9

after the Cuban missile crisis and the nuclear arms race, which period of the Cold War did it lead to?

Answer 9

Detente- a period where the US/USSR would co-operate and reduce the arms race tensions.

Question 10

when did the US develop the first submarine based missile?

Answer 10

July 1960.

Question 11

when did the USSR develop the TU-20 bear? (bomber)

Answer 11

1956.

Question 12

who was the first man to go into space, and from what country? and what year?

Answer 12

Yuri Gagarin- USSR. 1961.

Question 13

when did the USSR first get their hands on nuclear weaponry?

Answer 13

1949- after the US dropped the a-bomb on Japan in 1945, Stalin knew he needed to develop nuclear weaponry to compete with the West.

Question 14

after the Cuban missile crisis what two things were introduced to prevent further tensions between the USSR and US?

Answer 14

Test ban treaty and

Question 15

what was the “hotline telephone link”?

Answer 15

discussions between Kennedy/Khrushchev and Kennedy’s brother to discuss the issues associated with nuclear warfare.

Question 16

why was the test ban treaty so successful and when was it?

Answer 16

it was in 1963 after the Cuban missile crisis as they came so close to nuclear warfare. It was an agreement betwen the US and USSR to stop testing nuclear weapons on land and in the sea.

Question 17

when did both countries test the Lithium bomb?

Answer 17

USSR tested in August 1953, and the US developed in shortly after in March 1954.

Question 18

When were the first ICBM’s created and by who?

Answer 18

1957 and by the USSR- these missiles could go for miles and cross through countries.

Question 19

what does “ICBM” stand for?

Answer 19

Inter Continental Ballistic Missiles.

Question 20

when was the Korean War and what was it?

Answer 20

June 1950 to July 1953. It was North Korea against South Korea who were led by Syhmee Rhee. The US supported the South, and so did UN states.

Question 21

who led the Cuban revolution and what ideology was it becoming? when did it start?

Answer 21

it started in 1959, Led by Castro who was a Communist who wanted the whole country to be influenced by it.

Question 22

what are the three main reasons for the development of the arms race?

Answer 22

…national and personal considerations.
… domestic factors-
…the growth of international tensions.

Question 23

what were the delivery systems?

Answer 23

it was the development of bombers and aircraft’s i.e. the B52 and the TU20.

Question 24

why was Kennedy seen as a war hero?

Answer 24

because he prevented the USSR putting ICBM’s in Cuba.

Question 25

what two options did Kennedy have in preventing the USSR putting ICBM’s in Cuba?

Answer 25

…Blockade of soviet ships travelling from the East.

… or send military into Cuba which was suggested by Rusk.