5.2 Repsiration Flashcards
(18 cards)
first stage in aerobic respiration
glycolysis
only stage in anaerobic respiration
glycolysis
where does glycolysis occur
cytoplasm
what does glycolysis do
makes pyruvate from glucose
how many molecules of ATP are formed from glycolysis
2
how many NADH is formed in glycolysis
2
process of glycolysis
- glucose is phosphorylated by hydrolysis of 2 ATP
- each glucose is split into two triode phosphate
- triode phosphate is oxidised > H+ is removed and transferred to NAD to form NADH
- triode phosphate is converted into pyruvate
- 2 ATP regenerated
what happens in the link reaction
converts pyruvate to acetyle co enzyme A
where does link reaction occur
matrix of mitochondria
process of link reaction
- pyruvate is oxidised to produce acetate and CO2
> this requires reduction of NAD to NADH - combines with co enzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A
where does the krebs cycle occur
matrix of mitochondria
what does the krebs cycle do
forms NADH and CO2 from series of oxidation- reduction reactions
process of krebs cycle
- acetate is released from coA (used to transport acetate from link reaction)
- acetate joins with oxalacetate to form citrate (6C)
- citrate is decarboxylated (loses carboxyl group) which forms a 5C (releases CO2)
» loses 2 hydrogens (de hydrogenated) which form NADH - 5C is decarboxylated and de hydrogenated forming a 4C
» NAD accepts lists H+ forming NADH - first 4C is converted to second 4C > ATP is formed as phosphate group is given to ADP
- second 4C becomes a third 4C
> 2 hydrogens released making reduced FAD - third 4C is dehydrogenase’s to form oxalacetate
» 2 H+ making NADH
where does oxidative phosphorylation take place
inner mitochondrial membrane
process of oxidative phosphorylation
- NADH and reduced FAD are oxidised to NAD and FAD
- electrons move down ETC, losing energy at each carrier
- energy is used to pump protons from matrix into inter membrane space
- concentration of proteins = higher in inter membrane space
» forms an electrochemical gradient - protons move down electrochemical gradient into matrix via ATP synthase
» movement drives synthesis of ATP - chemisosmosi - at end of ETC > protons, electrons and oxygen combine to form water
— O2 IS FINAL ELECTRON ACCEPTOR
products of kerbs cycle
1 Co enzyme A
1 oxalacetate
2 CO2
1 ATP
3 NADH
1 reduced FAD
what happens in oxidative phosphorylation
energy carried by electrons from reduced co enzymes is used to make ATP
what moves from kerbs cycle to oxidative phosphorylation
NADH AND FADH
