Neuro ID Flashcards
Most common bugs causing meningitis in the general population?
S. Pneumoniae,
N. meningitidis
H Influenza Type B (more in kids)
Enteroviruses, HSV
Empirical treatment of meningitis in the general population?
Ceftriaxone and vanco
What bug to suspect in babies w/ meningitis? Drug?
Group B Strep, E. coli, Listeria. Ampicillin.
What bug to suspect in people w/ h/o brain surgery and meningitis? Treat?
Staph Aureus (Vanc).
Most common bug causing meningitis in teenagers?
N. meningitidis
Most common bugs causing meningitis in the elderly?
S. pneumo, Gram neg rods, Listeria
Treatment of Lyme meningitis?
IV ceftriaxone.
Best first step when suspicion of meningitis?
- Start empiric treatment (Ceftriaxone + vancomycin) + steroids if high suspicion for bacterial.
- Exam for elevated ICP/CT
- LP + gram stain (>1000 WBC = diagnostic).
CSF findings in bacterial meningitis? (opening pressure, cell type, protein, sugar).
Cloudy/purulent fluid, High opening pressure, high PMNs, high protein, low sugar
CSF findings in viral meningitis? (opening pressure, cell type, protein, sugar).
Clear fluid, normal/high opening pressure, high lymphocytes, normal/high protein, normal sugar
CSF findings in fungal meningitis? (opening pressure, cell type, protein, sugar)
Cloudy fluid, high opening pressure, high lymphocytes, high protein, low sugar
What differentiates fungal vs. viral meningitis?
appearnce of fluid (cloudy vs. clear), sugar (low vs. normal).
If lymphs + low sugar –> fungal/TB.
Normal CSF findings
Opening pressure: 10-20cm
Appearance: clear
Cells: 0-5
Protein: 60% of serum glucose
What to do about roommate of kid who has bacterial meningitis + petechial rash?
Rifampin
Most common causes of brain abscesses?
Viridans streptococci, Staph Aureas. Oral anaerobes if dental infxn preceding.
