Structures And Functions Of Living Organisms Flashcards
What form does the energy from respiration take and what is it used for?
Energy is released as chemical energy and heat energy. The chemical energy is used to make large molecules from smaller ones and beat energy is used to maintain a steady body temperature
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy as ATP)
What is the chemical equation for aerobic respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
When is aerobic respiration used?
When there is plenty of oxygen available
Is anaerobic or aerobic respiration mor effective?
Aerobic, and it is the type of respiration you use most of the time
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?
Glucose -> lactic acid (+energy as ATP)
When do you use anaerobic respiration?
When you do vigorous exercise your muscles have to start respiring anaerobically even though your heart rate and breathing rate increase. It isn’t the best way to release energy because it is less efficient than aerobic respiration and it also produces lactic acid which can lead to muscle cramp and is painful
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants?
Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What are the differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Aerobic: Occurs in the presence of oxygen
CO2 and water is produced and lots of energy is produced (38ATP)
Complete breakdown of food material
Anaerobic: Occurs the the absence of oxygen
Lactic acid or alcohol is produced and not much energy is produced (2ATP)
Incomplete breakdown of food molecules
What is an experiment to investigate the evolution of carbon dioxide and heat?
1) Soak dried beans in water for a day and they will begin to germinate, which means that they will respire
2) Boil a similar bunch of dried beans, which will kill them so they cannot respire
3) Set up the experiment by taking 2 test tubes and putting hydrogen carbonate indicator in them. Then place a platform of gauze for the beans to go on. Seal the test tube with a rubber bung and leave the test tube for a set period of time.
During the time the CO2 should have turned the hydrogen carbonate indicator yellow.
The experiment can also be carried out with small organisms, eg maggots, using glass beads as a control
What is respiration?
It is the process of releasing energy from glucose which takes place in every living cell
