C2d - Making cars

Question 1

How does salt water and acid rain affect rusting

Answer 1

They increase the rate of rusting

Question 2

What type of reaction is rusting and why

Answer 2

oxidation reaction

as iron gains oxygen forming an oxide

Question 3

Word equation for rusting

Answer 3

iron + oxygen + water –> hydrated iron(III) oxide

Question 4

Why does aluminium not corrode in moist conditions? (3)

Answer 4

aluminium reacts very quickly with oxygen in the air to form a very thin, protective layer of aluminium oxide

layer is tightly bound to the metal and does not flake off, unlike rust which flakes off easily

stops air and water from getting to the metal itself and reacting with it, preventing corrosion

Question 5

How may alloys differ from the metals they are made from

Answer 5

Alloys may have properties that are different from the metals that make it, which makes it more useful than the pure metal

Question 6

Compare properties of steel with iron (2)

Answer 6

steel is harder and stronger than iron

steel is less likely to corrode than iron

Question 7

Advantages of building car bodies from aluminium as opposed to steel (2)

Answer 7

aluminium less dense, so a car body will be lighter with aluminium, resulting in better fuel economy; lower fuel costs/saves fuel resources

car body with aluminium will corrode less, so it ill have a longer lifetime

Question 8

Advantages of building car bodies from steel as opposed to aluminium (2)

Answer 8

car body of the same car will be more expensive if it is made from aluminium

steel is harder and stronger than aluminium

Question 9

Advantages of recycling the materials used to make cars (4)

Answer 9

saves finite resources needed to make metals(leads to less mining)

less crude oil is needed to make new plastics

reduces disposal problems; less waste; less landfill

fewer toxic materials dumped, e.g. lead from batteries

Question 10

Disadvantages of recycling the materials used to make cars (2)

Answer 10

fewer mines built and fewer mining jobs

time, energy to separate different materials; some techniques produce pollution and are very expensive

Question 11

Describe some new laws on recycling cars(2)

Answer 11

requires car makers to improve their designs to make cars easier to recycle
-allows a higher percentage of all materials used to manufacture cars to be recycled to protect the environment