Respiratory System Flashcards
From which germ layer do the lungs develop?
Endoderm
What is pneumothorax?
When the pleura is damaged, causing collapse of the lung due to equalisation of the pressure.
Name the three diaphragmatic openings
Aortic hiatus, oesophageal hiatus and caval foramen.
What is the syrinx?
Where birds produce sound. At the tracheal bifurcation. They do not have vocal chords.
What are the 5 air sacs in birds, note which is not paired.
Cervical, clavicular (unpaired), cranial thoracic, caudal thoracic, abdominal.
What are the two types of bronchi in birds? State the function of each.
Mesobronchi (conduction) and parabronchi (gaseous exchange)
What species have complete tracheal rings? (So cuffs should not be used)
Birds and chelonians
What does surfactant do?
Reduce surface tension, so allows alveoli to inflate at lower pressures.
