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GCSE - Physics > Electricity > Flashcards

Electricity Flashcards

1
Q

When is an appliance said to be double insulated?

A

It’s when the appliance is cased with plastic and when no metal parts are showing.
Anything that is double insulated does not need an earth wire

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2
Q

Name three safety precautions when using plugs

A

Check there’s no water around electrical objects
Check the plug isn’t damaged
Check the cables aren’t too long - trip hazard

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3
Q

What colour is an earth wire, a neutral wire and a live wire?

A

Earth wire - Green/yellow
Neutral wire - Blue
Brown - the live wire

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4
Q

Give three advantages of using circuit breakers instead of fuses ?

A
  1. RCCBs work much faster than fuses
  2. They are more effective at protecting against electrocution - work for small current changes as well
  3. it can easily be reset which is better than replacing a fuse
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5
Q

What is the purpose of having a fuse in an electrical circuit?

A

If there is too much current going through a circuit the fuse will blow , causing the circuit to stop working so that the other components do not over heat or get damaged

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6
Q

What is electrical power ?

A

Electrical power is the rate at which an appliance transfers energy

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7
Q

What is the formula for electrical power?

A

Current X Voltage

P = IV

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8
Q

What is the formula for energy transferred ?

A

Energy transferred = voltage X current X time

E = VIT

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9
Q

What is current ? And what is its unit

A

Current is the rate of the flow of charge round the circuit.
Unit - ampere (amp) - A

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10
Q

What is voltage and what is the unit ?

A

Voltage is the driving force that pushes the current around the circuit.
Unit - Volt - V

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11
Q

What is resistance and what is the unit ?

A

Resistance is anything in a circuit that slows the flow down.
Unit - ohm

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12
Q

In the standard circuit the ammeter measures _____ and is in parallel or series ?

A

The ammeter measures current and must be placed in series.

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13
Q

What does a voltmeter measure in a standard test circuit ?

Is it in placed in parallel or series ?

A

A voltmeter measures voltage and it must be placed in parallel around the component under test

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14
Q

What is the UK mains electricity supply approximately

A

230 volts

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15
Q

What does alternating current mean ?

A

It means the current is constantly changing direction.

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16
Q

What type of current do cells and batteries supply ?

Alternating or direct current

A

Direct current

17
Q

What does direct current mean?

A

It means that the current just flows in the same direction

18
Q

What is the formula used to work out voltage ?

A 
Voltage = current X resistance 
(V = IR)
19
Q

What does the metal filament lamp current- voltage graph look like ?

A

It looks like a slanted S

20
Q

What does a current - voltage graph for a wire look like ?

A

It looks like a diagonal line that goes straight through the origin

21
Q

What does a current voltage graph for different resistors look like ?

A

Whiskers

22
Q

What does a current voltage graph look like for a diode ?

A

A J ish line

23
Q

What do LEDs do?

A

They indicate the presence of current in a circuit

24
Q

What is an LDR

A

An LDR is a light dependent resistor which changes its resistance depending on the light falls on it.
In bright light - the resistance falls
In dark light - the resistance is highest

Useful for burglar detectors

25
Q

What is a thermistor

A

A thermistor is a temperature dependent resistor

Hot conditions - drop resistance
Cool conditions - resistance increases

Good for car engine temperature sensors

26
Q

What is the formula to work out charge ?

A 
Charge = current X time
(Q= IT)
27
Q

With the polythene rod and duster experiment which one ends up positive and which one ends negative

A

The rod becomes negatively charged

And the duster becomes positively charged

28
Q

Give four examples of where static electricity is used

A

Photocopiers
Ink jet printers
Lightning
Clothes crackling

GCSE - Physics (4 decks)

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