Genetic variation

Question 1

When does variation occur and why?

Answer 1

In sexual reproduction because when gametes fuse, one of each pair of alleles comes from each parent.

Question 2

XX codes for…?

Answer 2

Females.

Question 3

XY codes for…?

Answer 3

Males.

Question 4

Allele?

Answer 4

Version of a gene.

Question 5

Dominant allele?

Answer 5

An allele that controls the development of a characteristic when it is present on only one of the chromosomes.

Question 6

Recessive allele?

Answer 6

An allele that controls the development of characteristics only if the dominant allele is not present.

Question 7

How are specific proteins made?

Answer 7

Each gene codes for a combination of amino acids.

Question 8

Gene?

Answer 8

A section of DNA.

Question 9

Genotype?

Answer 9

What alleles you have.

Question 10

Phenotype?

Answer 10

Characteristics displayed by the genotype.

Question 11

Heterozygous?

Answer 11

2 different alleles.

Question 12

Homozygous?

Answer 12

2 of the same alleles.

Question 13

DNA stands for…?

Answer 13

Deoxyribose nucleic acid.

Question 14

Chromosomes are made up of…?

Answer 14

DNA.

Question 15

DNA has a…?

Answer 15

Double helix structure.

Question 16

What does each person have?

Answer 16

Unique DNA.

Question 17

What can unique DNA be used to do?

Answer 17

Identify individuals (DNA fingerprinting) - which can be used for paternity testing and forensic science.