Case study: population change over space in Britain, Cumbria

Question 1

Bulge in apex reflecting a high proportion of aged dependents.

Answer 1

20.6% is aged 65 and over compared to UK average of 16.4%

Question 2

narrow base (fewer youth dependents)

Answer 2

15.5% under 15 compared to average of 17.6

Question 3

Waist in the young Economically Active groups.

Answer 3

21.2% aged 20-39 compared to UK average of 26.9%

Question 4

Out migration of young economically active means area experiences decline economically and isolated from development.

Answer 4

During 2013-2014, 1000 more 15-29 year olds moved out of Cumbria than moved in. 22% of 22-24 year olds claimed jobseekers allowance in 2009.

Question 5

Owing to fewer people in the fertile age groups…

Answer 5

The birth rate has decreased and the base has narrowed.

Question 6

Cumbria experiences a positive net migration of residents aged 45-75

Answer 6

older residents in-migrate to rural areas, like Cumbria, in search of a peaceful environment.