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RUSVM Epidemiology 2016 > Viral Foodborne Diseases > Flashcards

Viral Foodborne Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common causes of foodborne illness?

A

Viruses

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2
Q

Where does Hepatitis A replicate?

A

Liver

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3
Q

Does infection with Hepatitis A show symptoms in infants and children?

A

NO

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4
Q

What is the reservoir for Hepatitis A?

A

Humans

Non-human primates

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5
Q

How long is Hepatitis A shed for before illness ?

A

1-3 weeks

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6
Q

What are the two types of Endemicity?

A

High

Low

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7
Q

High Endemicity

A

Poor socioeconomic conditions allow HAV to spread from person to person. Entire population is infected as children. There is minimal clinical disease

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8
Q

Low Endemicity

A

Better sanitation reduces transmission. Seroprevalence is lower. The average age of infection goes up and there is more clinical disease. Outbreaks more often because more adults are susceptible

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9
Q

What is the transmission of Hepatitis A?

A

Fecal-Oral

Food and water contaminated with feces

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10
Q

What is the incubation period for Hepatitis A?

A

28 days

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11
Q

What is the duration of illness for Hepatitis A?

A

2 weeks - 3 months

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12
Q

What are the clinical signs associated with Hepatitis A?

A 
Diarrhea
Dark Urine
Jaundice
Flu-like symptoms
Nausea
Anorexia
Fever
Malaise
abdominal pain
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13
Q

What is the treatment for Hepatitis A?

A

Supportive Care

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14
Q

How you prevent Hepatitis A?

A

Vaccination
Proper sewage and water treatment
Proper preparation, cooking, and handling of food, wash veggies, and fruit
Block transmission with personal hygiene

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15
Q

What is the most common cause of foodborne illness world wide?

A

Norovirus

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16
Q

What is the reservoir for Norovirus?

A

People

17
Q

How is Norovirus transmitted?

A

Fecal-oral
Contaminated Food or Water
Contaminated surfaces

18
Q

When does norovirus start shedding post infection?

A

18 hours

19
Q

How long does Norovirus shed for?

A

13-56 days

20
Q

What is the incubation period for Norovirus?

A

12-48 hours

21
Q

What is the duration of illness for Norovirus?

A

24-72 hours

22
Q

What are the clinical signs of Norovirus?

A

Nausea
Acute onset vomiting
Watery non-bloody diarrhea with abdominal cramps
“Two Bucket Disease”

23
Q

What is the treatment for Norovirus?

A

Supportive Care

24
Q

How do you prevent Norovirus?

A

Good Sanitation
Proper preparation, cooking and handling of foods
Proper sewage and water treatment
Block transmission through hygiene

25
Q

Where is Norovirus commonly found?

A

on Cruise ships

26
Q

What is the most common cause of severe diarrhea in children around the world?

A

Rotavirus

27
Q

What is the reservoir for Rotavirus?

A

People

28
Q

How is Rotavirus transmitted?

A

Fecal-oral
Contaminated Food and Water
Fomites contaminated with feces

29
Q

How long is Rotavirus shed?

A

2-10 days after onset of diarhhea

30
Q

Who is most at risk for Rotavirus?

A

Children in daycares and hospitals
Parents or workers in day cares and hosptials
Immunodeficient people

31
Q

What is the incubation period for Rotavirus?

A

less than 48 hours

32
Q

What is the duration of illness for Rotavirus?

A

3-7 days

33
Q

What are the clinical signs of Rotavirus?

A

Diarrhea
temporary lactose intolerance
dehydration
electrolyte imbalance

34
Q

What is the treatment for Rotavirus?

A

Supportive Care

35
Q

How do you prevent Rotavirus?

A

Vaccination
Proper sanitation
Proper preparation, cooking, and handling of food
Personal hygiene

36
Q

What is the difference between Viral and bacterial foodborne illness?

A

Bacterial illnesses have a moderate incubation, lack of vomiting and longer duration of illness

37
Q

What is the difference between viral and parasitic foodborne illnesses?

A

Parasitic illnesses have a longer incubation period and a longer duration of illness

RUSVM Epidemiology 2016 (20 decks)

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