Congenital Heart Defects Flashcards
What heart defect is connected with the right to left shunt?
Cyanotic Heart Defects
What heart defect is connected with the left to right shunt?
Acyanotic Heart Defects
What diseases are under the right to left shunt (Cyanotic Heart defects)?
6 Defects
Tetrology of Fallot Transposition of the great vessels Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return Truncus Arteriosus Tricuspid Atresia Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
What diseases are under the left to right shunt (Acyanotic)?
6 Defects
Atrial Septal Defects Ventricular Septal Defects Pulmonary Valve Stenosis Aortic Valve Stenosis Coarctation of the Aorta Patent Ductus Arteriosus
What are ductal dependent defects?
Dependent on the PDA for systemic and/or pulmonary blood flow.
What conditions are ductal dependent?
5 conditions
Pulmonary stenosis Coarctation of the aorta Transposition of the great arteries Tricuspid and/or pulmonary atresia Tetrology of fallot
What are the 4 defects of Tetrology of Fallot?
Pulmonary Stenosis
Overriding Aorta
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Ventricular Septal Defect
What would you see on the CXR for a patient who has Tetrology of Fallot?
Boot Shaped Heart
Decreased Pulmonary Vascularity
What are the clinical manifestations of Tetrology of Fallot?
Cyanosis
Exertional dyspnea
May develop CHF
TET spells – Squatting position
What is Coarctation of the heart?
Narrowing of the aorta, narrows blood vessel leading away from the heart.
What is pulmonary atresia?
Pulmonary valve unformed blood not able to enter the pulmonary vasculature
What is transposition of great vessels?
Aorta is connected to right ventricle.
What are symptoms of Transposition of the Great vessels?
Cyanosis with mild tachypnea shortly after birth
No noticeable respiratory distress (peaceful cyanosis)
Infants are severely cyanotic
Variable murmurs
Loud second heart sound
Failure of PaO2 to rise 30 mmHg in spite of 100% O2 denotes complete transposition
What is truncus arteriosis?
Its when the pulmonary artery is attached to the right and left ventricle.
What is Total Anomalous Venous Return in the heart?
all 4 pulmonary veins are not connected to superior vena cava or anything other than the left atria and circulates blood back to heart instead of general circulation.
