chemistry chapter 12 notes

Question 1

solutions may exist as

Answer 1

gases, liquids, or solids

Question 2

particles over ______ in diameter form suspensions

Answer 2

1000 nm

Question 3

the particles in suspension can be separated from heterogeneous mixtures by passing the mixture

Answer 3

through a filter

Question 4

particles between ___ and ______ may form colloids

Answer 4

1 and 100 nm

Question 5

the tyndall effect is a property that can be used to distinguish between a ________ and _____

Answer 5

solution and a colloid

Question 6

at higher temperatures, collisions between the solvent molecules and the solute are ________ and are of higher energy than at lower temperatures

Answer 6

more frequent

Question 7

the point at which the limit is reached for any solute-solvent combination is difficult to predict precisely and depends on the

Answer 7

nature of the solute, the nature of the solvent, and the temperature

Question 8

a supersaturated solution may remain unchanged for a long time if it is not

Answer 8

disturbed

Question 9

the maximum amount of a given solute that dissolves and reaches equilibrium is always the ___ under the same conditions

Answer 9

same

Question 10

the only attraction between the nonpolar molecules are _____ which are quite weak

Answer 10

london forces

Question 11

increases in pressure increase _____________ in liquids

Answer 11

gas solubilities

Question 12

temperature usually decreases

Answer 12

gas solubility

Question 13

since heating decreases the solubility of a gas, the dissolution of gases is _____

Answer 13

exothermic

Question 14

energy is ________ when a gas dissolves in a liquid

Answer 14

released

Question 15

a solute dissolves at a rate that depends on the ____________ of the solute, _____________, ________

Answer 15

surface area
how vigorously the solution is mixed
temperature of the solvent

Question 16

the solubility of a substance depends on the

Answer 16

temperature

Question 17

the solubility of gases in liquids increases with _______________

Answer 17

increases in pressure

Question 18

solutions are

Answer 18

homogeneous mixtures

Question 19

mixtures are classified as

Answer 19

solutions, suspension, or colloids

Question 20

mixtures are classified depending on the

Answer 20

size of the solute particles in the mixture.

Question 21

suspensions settle out upon ___

Answer 21

standing

Question 22

colloids do not

Answer 22

settle out

Question 23

colloids scatter _____ when it is shined through them

Answer 23

light

Question 24

most ______ solutes and some _______ solutes form aqueous solutions that conduct an electric current.

Answer 24

ionic

molecular