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MD2001 > INCORRECT EXAMPREP > Flashcards

INCORRECT EXAMPREP Flashcards

1
Q

What type of epithelium lines the oesophagus?

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinised

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2
Q

Which amino acid is important in the buffering action of proteins at physiological pH values?

A

Histidine

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3
Q

Which tissue forms the most superficial layer of the heart?

A

Visceral pericardium

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4
Q

How is it thought mitochondria originated within animal cells?

A

Absorption of a bacterial cell

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5
Q

What is the abdominal cavity lined by?

A

Peritoneum

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6
Q

What is the function of calcitonin?

A

Acts to DECREASE osteoclast activity and REDUCE bloods calcium levels

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7
Q

Synovial joints may undergo degenerative changes - what can this result in?

A

Arthritis

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8
Q

Increased blood flow causes which symptom in acute inflammation?

A

Heat

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9
Q

What has 9 peripheral triplets but no central microtubule doublet?

A

Basal bodies

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10
Q

What has a 9+2 microtubule arrangement and can be 50 microns long?

A

Flagella

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11
Q

What is the main function of NK cells?

A

To destroy virus infected cells

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12
Q

What response to damage would be associated with a labile cell system?

A

Renewal of intestinal epithelial cells

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13
Q

The stratified squamous keratinised epithelium of thick skin has 5 distinct layers. Which of these layers is held together by desmosomes and undergoes active protein synthesis to make cytokeratin?

A

Stratum spinosum

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14
Q

What type of connective tissue forms the papillary layer of the dermis?

A

Loose connective tissue

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15
Q

Reduced expression of this protein may aid tumour metastases?

A

Cadherin

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16
Q

What protein is found in tight junction?

A

occludin

17
Q

What protein is found in gap junction?

A

connexin

18
Q

What protein is involved in adhesion between epithelial cells?

A

cadherin

19
Q

What cell is a granulocyte that can become a phagocyte in the GI lamina propria?

A

Basophil

20
Q

What cell is a granulocyte that can become a phagocyte inside pulmonary alveoli?

A

neutrophil

21
Q

What cells are circulating blood leukocytes that play important roles in the inflammatory response, are essential for the innate response to pathogens?

A

monocytes

22
Q

Why is DNA synthesis continuous on the leading strand and discontinuous on the lagging strand?

A

As Dna polymerase adds nucleotides to the 3’ end of the dna chain

23
Q

In comparing two types of cells from the same person, the variation in the proteins expressed by each cell type reflects:

A

The cell specific expression and repression of specific genes

24
Q

What living organism does NOT have a DNA based genome?

A

Certain viruses

25
Q

Into which vessel does the renal vein drain?

A

inferior VC

26
Q

Where are eosinophils produced

A

lymph nodes

27
Q

In which organelle does LDL dissociate from its endocytosed receptor?

A

endosome

28
Q

What is the thoracic inlet bounded by?

A

manubrium
first thoracic vertebrae
first pair of costal cartilages
first pair of ribs

29
Q

The tarsals are examples of which types of bones?

A

Short (cuboidal)

30
Q

Which enzyme converts arachidonic acid into prostaglandins?

A

Cyclooxygenase

31
Q

What are the major extracellular anions?

A

Chloride ions

32
Q

What change in a nerve cell is responsible for rapid depolarisation at the beginning of the action potential?

A

an increase in sodium permeability

33
Q

What does Na+K+ ATPase generate inside the cell?

A

A negative electrical potential

34
Q

When is the embryonic period of development complete?

A

8 weeks after fertilisation

35
Q

What is the equilibrium potential?

A

The membrane potential that would be required to balance the concentration gradient for the ion

36
Q

What type of channels are targeted by local anaesthetics?

A

voltage gated sodium channels

MD2001 (13 decks)

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