Harmony 9, 11

Question 1

group 3 chords (third classification)

Answer 1

The submediant chord and may have a tonic function

Question 2

submediant triad

Answer 2

Occurs primarily in root position. In major, or 3rd may be doubled. In minor, the root is usually doubled.

Question 3

group 2 chords (second classification)

Answer 3

The subdominant and super tonic chords and have a subdominant function.

Question 4

mediant triad

Answer 4

In major, it may occur in root position with doubled root or occasional doubled 3rd. In minor, the major quality may appear in root position or first inversion with doubled root.

Question 5

established tonic chord

Answer 5

Occurs whenever a dominant function chord progresses to the tonic.

Question 6

deceptive cadence

Answer 6

A V to vi or V# to VI progression at a cadence point. May occur at any cadence but final.

Question 7

subtonic triad

Answer 7

Only occurs in minor and has an unusual character.

Question 8

group 4 chords (fourth classification)

Answer 8

The mediant chord, it may have a tonic or dominant function.

Question 9

group 1 chords (first classification)

Answer 9

The major dominant and diminished leading tone chords and have a dominant function.

Question 10

dominant relationship

Answer 10

The association of 2 chords whose roots are a P5 apart. It prevails when the chord groups are assembled from group 4 - group 1 and then the tonic.

Question 11

normal chord progression

Answer 11

Occurs after an established tonic chord. when chords progress from left to right through each successive group.

Question 12

retrogression

Answer 12

Occurs when chords move from right to left on the chord chart.

Question 13

secondary triads

Answer 13

Reinforce modality. Used in harmonic progressions to create variety.

Question 14

leading ton triad

Answer 14

Often called a dominant 7th with root omitted. 3rd is normally doubled. Used exclusively in first inversion.

Question 15

intermediate cadence

Answer 15

Occurs with a vii°6 to I (i) progression at a cadence point.

Question 16

neutral tonic chord

Answer 16

Occurs when a tonic chord appears between any two chords in a progression or between two positions of the same chord.

Question 17

supertonic triad

Answer 17

Occurs primarily in first inversion with doubled 3rd.

Question 18

extended chords

Answer 18

chords containg 5 or more pitches

Question 19

major 9th

Answer 19

Appear in major keys on the dominant 7th or supertonic 7th.

Normally the 5th is omitted.

Question 20

figured bass for major ninth

Answer 20

Root - 9

1st inversion - 7/6/5 (Dominant 7)

2nd inversion - 6/5 (4) omitted

3rd inversion - 4/3/2

4th inversion - 7/6/2 (rare)

Question 21

minor ninth

Answer 21

Appears in minor keys on the dominant 7th chord.

Must resolve down by step.

Should never be reduced to a minor second.

Inversions are rare (4th inversion is forbidden)

Question 22

eleventh

Answer 22

Appears primarily over the dominant 7th chord.

SUS 4 chords.

7th and 9th usually occur, omitting 3rd and 5th.

Exclusively in root position.

Question 23

thirteenth

Answer 23

Appears on the dominant 7th chord only.

Exclusively in root position, 5th, 9th, 11th, omitted.

Question 24

resolution of a dominant 11th chord

Answer 24

1. Directly to the tonic chord. 11th repeats, becomes root of the tonic, 9th and 7th resolve normally.
2. 11th resolves down by step to the leading tone, forming a dominant 9th.
3. 11th and 9th resolve simultaneously, forming a dominant 7th.

Question 25

modulation

Answer 25

The process of moving from one tonality to another.