Heart 1: pericaridium and external heart Flashcards
What are the divisions of the mediastinum
Superior
Inferior: Anterior (thymus), middle (heart), posterior (oesophagus & aorta)
Where is the location of the heart?
between ribs 2-5, apex at the midclavicular line
How is the pericardium created?
By the heart pushing into the pleura
A cardiac tamponade is when?
The pleural cavity is excessively filled with a substance (usually blood) to the point where is can no longer movee enough to contract/beat properly.
Usually due to trauma
Drained via a needle under the xiphis sternum
What are the pericardial layers and how are they supplied?
Fibrous (outer)
Serous (inner): Parietal PC
Visceral PC: epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Parietal and fibrous: supplied by phrenic nerve. visceral has no somatic sense
**fibrous and serous are adhered and cannot seperate
Where is the pericardial potential space?
between the visceral and parietal pericardium
How do we get sinuses and what are the ones we should know about
Due to the pericardium reflecting and folding back on itself.
Transverse Pericardial Sinus: separates arteries from veins, (can be clamped in a cardiac bypass)
Oblique Pericardial Sinus:formed from reflection onto the pulmonary veins of the heart
The apex of the heart is pointing
left and posteriorally. made of the left ventricle
What runs between the left and right sides of the heart?
Interventricular groove
What runs between the atriums and ventricles of the heart?
Atrioventricular groove
What forms the margins of the heart in the anterior view?
Right margin: Right atrium
Inferior margin: Right ventricle
Left margin: Left ventricle
What forms most of the posterior surface of the heart
left atrium
What of the left atrium is visible anteriorly
left auricle
Draw the cardiac shadow of the heart
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Draw the coronary circulation and drainage
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