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HBM > HBM 03: Development > Flashcards

HBM 03: Development Flashcards

1
Q

Development is hierarchical, which means:

A

Increases in complexity

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2
Q

T/F: Development is evenly paced.

A

False - some slow spots, some bursts in development

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3
Q

T/F: fetuses show patterns of behavior that parallel those they’ll show after birth.

A

True

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4
Q

(X)% births are C-sections.

A

X = 31.8

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5
Q

Premature birth is defined by:

A

Under 37 weeks gestation (VERY premature is under 32 weeks)

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6
Q

Apgar score tests/stands for:

A

Appearance (color)

Pulse

Grimace (reflex, cough)

Activity (muscle tone)

Respiration

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7
Q

What does the Apgar score predict?

A

Likelihood of survival

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8
Q

Highest Apgar score is (X). Score with imminent survival threat is (Y).

A 
X = 10
Y = under 4
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9
Q

Limbs extend when child startled is which reflex?

A

Moro reflex

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10
Q

Instant moves head toward thing touching cheek is which reflex?

A

Rooting reflex

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11
Q

Persistence of infant reflex past (X) months might indicate (Y) dysfunction.

A

X = 12

Y = neurological

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12
Q

(X)% of mothers experience baby blues

A

X = 50-75

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13
Q

First marker of social responsiveness, (X), is seen at what age?

A

X = social smile

1-2 mo

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14
Q

At what age is there a special responsiveness to mother?

A

4-6 mo

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15
Q

Stranger anxiety starts around what age?

A

9 mo

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16
Q

Object permanence starts developing, along with (X), at what age?

A

X = separation anxiety

1 yo

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17
Q

A child who is withdrawn, doesn’t seek comfort when distressed, limited positive affect, and unexplained irritability may suffer from:

A

Reactive attachment disorder

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18
Q

A child who actively interacts with unfamiliar adults, shows inappropriate behavior, and doesn’t hesitate to go with unfamiliar adults may suffer from:

A

Disinhibited social engagement disorder

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19
Q

Motor characteristics at 0-2 mo:

A

Lifts head lying prone; follows objects with eyes

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20
Q

Motor characteristics at 2-3 mo:

A

Lifts shoulders lying prone

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21
Q

Motor characteristics at 4-6 mo:

A

Turns over; reaches and grasps objects with hand

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22
Q

Motor characteristics at 7-11 mo:

A

Sits unassisted, crawls, pulls to stand, pincer grasp, transfers objects between hands

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23
Q

Motor characteristics at 12-15 mo:

A

Walks unassisted

24
Q

Around what age is an infant “babbling” (repeating single sounds)

A

4-6 mo

25
Q

At what age is infant responding to name?

A

7-11 mo

26
Q

At what age is infant responding to simple instructions and using gestures?

A

7-11 mo

27
Q

At what age is child saying the first words?

A

12-15 mo

28
Q

Motor characteristics at 1.5 yo

A

Stacks 3 blocks, throws ball, climbs stairs (two feet on one step), scribbling

29
Q

Motor characteristics at 2 yo

A

Stack 6 blocks, kicks ball, draws line, utensils to eat, undress

30
Q

Motor characteristics at 3 yo

A

Stacks 9 blocks, climbs stairs with alternate feet, draws circle, scissors and tricycle, dresses

31
Q

Rapprochement is (X) and occurs around what age?

A

X = moving toward then away from mom

1.5 yo

32
Q

Parallel play is seen at what age?

A

2 yo

33
Q

Gender identity development at what age?

A

3 yo

34
Q

Toilet training at what age?

A

3 yo

35
Q

At what age is speech understood primarily by family?

A

2 yo

36
Q

At what age does child speak in complete sentences?

A

3 yo

37
Q

Nighttime struggles often begin at what stage/age range?

A

3-6 yo

38
Q

At what age is finality of death understood?

A

About 6 yo

39
Q

Internalized sense of right and wrong is developed at what age?

A

6 yo

40
Q

At what age is conservation of mass skill developed?

A

7 yo

41
Q

Joke telling and reading begin at what age?

A

6 yo

42
Q

A child repeatedly urinates/defacates in clothes, bed, floor at 6 yo. Which disorder might he have?

A

Elimination disorder (enuresis or encopresis)

43
Q

Enuresis is diagnosed at (X) age and may be triggered by:

A

X = >5 yo

Stressful events (i.e. Starting school, moving, family problems)

44
Q

Enuresis can be treated by:

A
  1. Bell and pad technique (classical conditioning)

2. Dry bed training (awakened to pee, then rewarded)

45
Q

Early adolescence age range:

A

11-14 yo

46
Q

Middle adolescence age range:

A

15-17 yo

47
Q

Late adolescence age range

A

18-20 yo

48
Q

Conduct disorder is (more/less) severe than oppositional defiant disorder.

A

More

49
Q

Management of ADHD includes:

A
  1. Psychosocial/educational interventions

2. Pharmacological treatment

50
Q

Ritalin is a (X), used to treat:

A

X = CNS stimulant

ADHD

51
Q

Meds to treat ADHD aim to impact which NT?

A

Increase dopamine concentration in brain

52
Q

Tourette syndrome is found to associated with dysfunctional regulation of which NT in which part of brain?

A

Dopamine in caudate nucleus

53
Q

At which age can child recognize a few colors?

A

3 yo

54
Q

If possible, elective surgery should be postponed until child is at least what age?

A

6-7 yo

55
Q

Which stage is best characterized by challenging rules and feeling invulnerable?

A

Middle adolescence

HBM (15 decks)

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