C4a-Atomic Structure

Question 1

What are atoms?

Answer 1

Tiny particles of matter which make up everything in the universe

Question 2

What does an atom include?

Answer 2

A nucleus surrounded by electrons

Question 3

What charge does a nucleus have?

Answer 3

A nucleus is positively charged

Question 4

What charge does an electron have?

Answer 4

An electron has a negative charge

Question 5

What charge does an atom have?

Answer 5

An atom is neutral

Question 6

What is a nucleus made up of?

Answer 6

Protons and neutrons

Question 7

What is the relative charge and relative mass of an electron?

Answer 7

Electron charge: -1

Electron mass: 0.0005

Question 8

What is the relative charge and mass of a proton?

Answer 8

Proton charge: +1

Proton mass:1

Question 9

What is the relative charge and mass of a neutron?

Answer 9

Neutron charge: 0

Neutron mass: 1

Question 10

Why is an atom neutral?

Answer 10

They have the same number of protons as electrons

Question 11

What is the radius of an atom?

Answer 11

10-10m

Question 12

What is the mass of an atom?

Answer 12

10-23g

Question 13

What is an atomic number?

Answer 13

The number of protons in an atom

Question 14

What is the mass number?

Answer 14

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom

Question 15

What are isotopes?

Answer 15

Varieties of an element that have the same atomic number but different mass numbers

Question 16

What is an element?

Answer 16

Substances made up of only one type of atom

Question 17

What was the order of the scientists which helped discover the structure of the atom?

Answer 17

Dalton
Thompson
Rutherford
Bohr

Question 18

What was John Daltons theory?

Answer 18

Atoms are solid spheres and different spheres made up different elements

Question 19

What was J.J Thompsons theory?

Answer 19

• Atoms were not solid spheres

- an atom must contain smaller, negatively charged particles (electrons)

Question 20

What was the plum pudding model?

Answer 20

The atom had positively and negatively charged electrons dotted around inside it like plums in a pudding

Question 21

What was Ernest Rutherfords theory?

Answer 21

The theory of the nuclear atom where there is a tiny positively charged nucleus at the centre, surrounded by a cloud of negative electrons and most of the atom is empty space

Question 22

What was the gold foil experiment?

Answer 22

Scientists beamed alpha particles at very thin gold foil and as most particles passed through the foil, some particles unexpectedly were repelled and deflected back by a tiny concentration of positive charge in the atom.

Question 23

What was Niels Bohr’s theory?

Answer 23

• all the electrons were contained in shells
• electrons can only exist in fixed orbits or shells
• each shell has a fixed energy

Question 24

What did the Bohr model look like?

Answer 24

Electrons travel only in certain successively larger orbits around the nucleus. It was similar in structure to the solar system