epithelium Flashcards
1
Q
cystic fibrosis
A
chloride channel in epithelium is defective so too much liquid/ mucus in lungs. The cilia can’t move mucus out of lungs
2
Q
tobacco use
A
changes morphology in epithelial lining also affects cilia
3
Q
adenocarcinoma
A
gland cancer
4
Q
epithelium
A
lines and covers all body surfaces except articular cartilage.
Avascular- gets nutrients via diffusion
5
Q
Functions of epithelium
A
- selective diffusion - of water and ions, it’s thin so easy for diffusion
- absorption- microvilli to increase surface area. proximal convoluted tubule in kidney
- secretion- glands secrete hormones
- physical protection- multiple layers of skin - 5 stratified squamous
- containment- urinary bladder
6
Q
Types of epithelial
A
- simple epithelia- single layer
- stratified epithelia- multiple layers, skin or oral mucosa
- nonkeratinized- cytokeratins are not densely packed in outer layer
- keratinized- outer layer is very packed with cytokeratins inside the cell - glandular epithelia- derived from the surface, involved in secretion
7
Q
simple squamous
A
- flat, line blood and lymphatic vessels,
- allows gas and metabolic exchange
- line peritoneal cavity (alveoli in lung)
8
Q
simple cuboidal
A
- can be absorptive or secretary
- found in many ducts- salivary glands, kidney tubules, thyroid follicles
9
Q
simple columnar
A
- involed in secretion and absorpiton
- GI tract,
- microvilli- extensions of the lumen plasma membrane (brush border)
10
Q
goblet cells
A
- secrete mucus that lubricates surface
- provides protection
- increases as you go down duct
11
Q
pseudostratified
A
respiratory and epididymis
- all cells rest on basement membrane but not all reach surface
- topped with cilia and have goblet cells = RESPIRATORY
- ciliated with NO goblet = EPIDIDYMUS
12
Q
stratified squamous
A
skin and mucus membrane
- multiple layers with mitotic activity in basal layers
- cells act as a barrier and mitigate abrasion
- Desmosome= help with cell adhesion in layers
13
Q
transitional
A
urinary tract only
- type of stratified epithelium
- outer layers look more cuboidal ( than stratified where they are flat)
- in relaxed state they are tall
- in stretched state they are wide
14
Q
Glandular epithelium
A
- unicellular- goblet in epithelia
- simple tubular- into stomach
- simple coiled- eccrine sweat glands
15
Q
intracellular network
A
- structural support, intracellular transport
- mediate cell to cell and cell to matric interactions
The structural cytokeratins are- microfilaments, intermediate, filaments, microtubules
