5361 part one

Question 1

five stages of first language acquisition

Answer 1

Babbling stage 6-eight months. one word or one morphem stage nine to eighteen months
two word stage eighteen to twenty four months
telegraphic stage or multimorpheme stage from twenty four to thirty months.
Finallyt he laer multiword stage typically after thirty months.

Question 2

Behaviorist model

Answer 2

B.F. Skinner: individuals learn language as a direct response to stimuli. correct responses to stimuli are reinforced and perpetuated.

Question 3

Nativist model

Answer 3

pioneered by Noam Chomsky. It is an attempt to explain how people are able to understand and produce a seemingly infinite number of linguistic expressions. In his model it is said that individuals are born with a universal grammar device.

Question 4

LAD

Answer 4

This is the Language acquisition device from the Nativist model.

Question 5

Vgotsky

Answer 5

Zone of proximal development

Question 6

scaffolding

Answer 6

Aiding a student to facilitate learning

Question 7

Bronfenbrenner

Answer 7

developed an ecological model that described development in terms of four nested levels. microsystem, meso system, exosystem, and macrosystem

Question 8

microsystem

Answer 8

childs immediate environment

Question 9

mesosystem

Answer 9

interactions between components of the microsystem

Question 10

exosystem

Answer 10

more general elementons of the childs environement

Question 11

macrosystem

Answer 11

overarching environmental influences such as cultural beliefs

Question 12

steven pinker

Answer 12

agreed with chomsky that language is innate. added that this occured because it increased chances of survival

Question 13

jim cummings

Answer 13

BICS and CALP

Question 14

BICS

Answer 14

Basic interpersonal communicative skills

Question 15

CALP

Answer 15

Cognitive academic language proficiency

Question 16

social interactionist model

Answer 16

according to this model the child will learn to speak in the manner and syntax of those who speak to him

Question 17

cognitive model

Answer 17

developed by piaget, asserts that people develop linguistic skills in order to control their environment

Question 18

piagets cognitive model

Answer 18

four stages

1. sensorimotor intelligence, preoperational thought, concrete operations, and formal operations

Question 19

sensorimotor intelligence

Answer 19

zero to two years of age. the child learns to physically handle objects of the external world

Question 20

preoperational thought

Answer 20

two to seven years of age. the child improves physically and begins to think conceptually

Question 21

Concrete operations

Answer 21

seven to eleven years of age. the child develops logical thinking skills

Question 22

formal operations

Answer 22

eleven to fifteen. the child begins to think abstractly and can develop mental hypotheses

Question 23

acquisition learning model

Answer 23

two ways to develop proficiency in a second language. acquisition and learning. in general this theory states the superiority of acquisition as a means of gaining fluency

Question 24

Acquisition

Answer 24

is the way that small children acquire their first language

Question 25

learning

Answer 25

a conscious study and knowledge of vocabulary and rules of grammar.

Question 26

input hypothesis

Answer 26

Krashen model of SLA. students need to be given information slightly above their level in a given language.

Question 27

monitor hypothesis

Answer 27

(krashen?)explains how learning grammatical rules affects language acquisition. when an individual learns the rules of grammer they are able to monitor consciously the discourse they hear in the future.