Test 1

Question 1

When assessing ones CRI, we are assessing the ____

Answer 1

R-RADS

^** Rate, Rhythm, Amplitude, Direction, and Strength

Question 2

For the vault hold, your index fingers are placed on the ____, middle in front of the ear and ring finger on the ____ of the temporal bone; and your pinkie finger on the ____

Also make sure your thumbs are ____ (On or Off?) the clavarium

The frontal-occipital hold, the doc contacts the ____ with the thumb and long finer while the other hand cups the ____

Answer 2

Greater wings of the sphenoid, mastoid process, occiput

Off

Greater wing of the sphenoid, occiput

Question 3

Cranial flexion and extension occur around the ___/____ axis

1) During cranial flexion, the GWOS move ___/____ and the squamous portion of the occiput moves ____/_____, the SBS moves ____

^** Cranium changes include ____ A/P diameter, ____ Superior/Inferior diameter, and _____ R/L diameter

2) During cranial extension, the GWOS move ___/____ and the squamous portion of the occiput moves ____/_____, the SBS moves ____

^** Cranium changes include ____ A/P diameter, ____ Superior/Inferior diameter, and _____ R/L diameter

Answer 3

R/L Axis (aka transverse axis)

Anterior/Inferior, Posterior/Inferior, cephalad (aka superior)

Decreased, Decreased, Increased

Posterior/Superior, Anterior/Superior, Caudad (aka Inferior)

Increased, Increased, Decreased

Question 4

During SBS flexion phase of the CRI, the sacral base moves ___ and this is called _____

During SBS extension phase of the CRI, the sacral base moves ____ and this is called ____

The sacrum for both nutation and counternutation is moving around the ___/___ axis

Answer 4

Posterior, Counternutation

Anterior, Nutation

R/L aka transverse (from OSCE), Superior sacral transverse axis (from Competency sheet), sagittal

Question 5

BMT (Balanced Membranous Tension) is an ____ cranial manipulative treatment

You place the SBS or other cranial bones/joints in the ___ of the available range of motion and you resist CRI movement until it dampens and disappears, which is now called the ___… You maintain your hold until you feel the CRI return, and it should now be more symmetrical than before

*** So just know the Sill Point = Inability to feel the CRI

^ During the still point, some membranes stretch while others contract and once the tensions balance out, the CRI becomes more symmetrical and the ability to feel the CRI returns

Answer 5

Indirect

Midpoint, still point

Question 6

During cranial flexion, your fingers will _____ and during cranial extension, your fingers will ____

So if your fingers slide apart, but have trouble coming together, you know it likes to live in cranial flexion, meaning it is restricted to cranial extension aka ___ SBS somatic dysfunction

Answer 6

Slide apart, come together

Flexion

Question 7

The ethmoid bone is influenced by the ___ and ____

The ethmoid rotates around the ___ axis in the ___ plane in the ___ direction as the occiput

The lateral masses behave as paired bones into ____ rotation during cranial flexion and ___ rotation during cranial extension

The vomer moves in the same direction as the ____ and also moves in the transverse axis/sagittal plane

Answer 7

Sphenoid and falx cerebri

Transverse, sagittal, SAME

External, Internal

Sphenoid

Question 8

For SBS Lateral strain, the sphenoid and occiput rotate in the ___ direction around 2 ____ axes in the ___ plane

^** The lateral strain is a side-to-side shearing of the _____, usually caused by trauma from a lateral force to one side of the anterior cranium or opposite side of the posterior cranium

The head takes on the resemblance of a ____**

^** So realize the parallelogram is seen in ___ strain patterns

Answer 8

SAME, vertical, transverse

Sphenobasilar symphysis

Parallelogram

Lateral

Question 9

For a left lateral strain, the Basi-sphenoid has sheared to the ____ around its vertical axis and therefore both rotate to the ____ aka ___terior and your __ hand would slide on top

For a right lateral strain, the Basi-sphenoid has sheared to the ____ around its vertical axis and therefore both rotate to the ____ aka ___terior and your __ hand would slide on top

Answer 9

Left, right, posterior, left

Right, left, anterior, right

Question 10

For SBS Vertical strain, the sphenoid and occiput rotate in the ___ direction around 2 ____ axes in the ___ plane

A superior vertical strain is when the sphenoid moves into ____ and the occiput moves into ____ aka they are both rotating ____ around their transverse axes and the docs thumbs move ____ aka forward

A inferior vertical strain is when the sphenoid moves into ____ and the occiput moves into ____ aka they are both rotating ____ around their transverse axes and the docs thumbs move ____

**Note, side to side findings are symmetrical

Answer 10

SAME, transverse, sagittal

Flexion, extension, anteriorly, away

Extension, flexion, posteriorly, back (towards the doc)

Question 11

For SBS torsion strain, the sphenoid and occiput rotate in the ___ direction around the ____ axes in the ___ plane

The pattern is named for the more ___ greater wing of the sphenoid

A RIGHT torsion strain pattern occurs when the SBS moves into cranial flexion and the ___ GWOS moves more cephalad and the RIGHT occiput moves more caudad (aka the RIGHT basi-sphenoid is more SUPERIOR) and the docs hands has the ___ thumb point towards the doc and the ___ thumb moves away

A LEFT torsion strain pattern occurs when the SBS moves into cranial flexion and the ___ GWOS moves more cephalad and the LEFT occiput moves more caudad (aka the LEFT basi-sphenoid is more SUPERIOR) and the docs hands has the ___ thumb point towards the doc and the ___ thumb moves away

Answer 11

OPPOSITE, Anterior/Posterior, Coronal

Cephalad (superior)

Right, Right, Left

Left, Left, Right

Question 12

For the torsion strain patterns, other changes are taking place in the bones and membranes including the

1) Temporal and Parietal bones have ____ rotation on the side of torsion
2) Mandible is shifted ___ the side of torsion
3) Orbit is ____ on the side of torsion
4) Falx cerebri has the ___ end rotate with the sphenoid and ___ end rotate with the occiput
5) Tentorium Cerebelli is ____ in the ___ direction that the occiput rotates
6) Spinal dura is ___ on the side of the low occiput

Answer 12

1) External
2) Towards
3) Smaller
4) Anterior, Posterior
5) Sidebent, Same
6) Inferior

Question 13

For the side-bending/rotation strain patterns, there are 2 distinct motions that occur

1) Side-bending, which is referred to as the rotation of the occiput and sphenoid in the _____ direction around 2 ____ axes in the ___ plane

^** The pattern is named towards the side of _____

2) Rotation of the occiput and sphenoid in the ___ direction around the _____ axis (the same axis as torsion)

^** The rotation occurs towards the side of ____

So for an example, a RIGHT SB Rotation pattern = Sphenoid SB L, RR and Occiput SB R, RR

Answer 13

1) OPPOSITE, vertical, transverse

Convexity

2) SAME, A/P axis

Convexity

Question 14

So RIGHT side-bending means that there is a convexity on the ___ side, which means the sphenoid has rotated to the ____ around its vertical axis and the occiput has rotated to the ___ around its vertical axis

Since the convexity is on the right, BOTH of them will rotate towards the ____ around the AP axis

Therefore, this is a RIGHT side-bending/rotation strain pattern

The docs hand has the right one moving more ____ and the distance between the fingers _____, while the left hand moves more ____ and the distance between the fingers gets ____

LEFT Side-bending/rotation strain pattern is the OPPOSITE

Answer 14

Right, Left, Right

Right

Caudad, increases (down and out), up, in (up and in)

Question 15

For the side-bending/rotation strain patterns, other changes are taking place in the bones and membranes including the

1) Temporal and Parietal bones have ____ rotation on the side of convexity
2) Mandible is shifted ___ the side of convexity
3) Frontal bone and Orbit is ____ on the side of convexity
4) Falx cerebri is side-bent towards the side of convexity
5) Tentorium Cerebelli follows ____ motion
6) Spinal dura is ___ on the side of convexity (inferior occiput), which drops the sacral base ____ on that side

Answer 15

1) External
2) Towards
3) Anterior
5) Occipital
6) Inferior, inferior

Question 16

For compression strain pattern, which occurs from pressure or trauma to the front of the head/face/back of head/ or entire periphery (like an infant cranium at birth), the strain manifests as a restriction (Mild OR Severe) to ALL motions at the SBS

With ___ compression, the cranium feels rigid

The CRI is slow, low amplitude, difficult to feel, and weak and the doc must use the ____ hold ONLY in order to apply the BMT technique

Answer 16

Severe

Frontal-occipital

Question 17

Parietal bones move into ___ rotation with cranial flexion and ___ rotation with cranial extension

This is all occurring around the ____ axis in the ___ plane

During external rotation, the inferior border moves ____ while the superior border (aka the sagittal suture line) moves _____/____ aka ______ R/L diameter

During internal rotation, the inferior border moves ____ while the superior border (aka the sagittal suture line) moves _____ aka more medially aka ______ R/L diameter

Answer 17

External, Internal

AP axis, Coronal

Laterally, inferior/medially, increased

Medially, superior/laterally, decreased

Question 18

___ bone dysfunctions are associated with headache, alteration of seizure threshold, and localized pain

____ bone dysfunctions are associated with headache, visual or smell disturbances (anosmia due to association with ethmoid)

____ bone dysfunctions are associated with OM, mastoiditis, tinnitus, hearing loss, dizziness, migraines, Bell’s palsy, neuralgia

Answer 18

Parietal

Frontal

Temporal

Question 19

One can apply the parietal lift treatment to restore motion to the parietal bones when they are restricted to internal or external rotation

Patient supine, modified vault hold, contact ___ aspect of parietal bones with thumbs interlocked above the ___ suture

You then attempt to pull fingers apart, which increases pressure in the fingertips and moves the bones into ___ rotation, which should disengage the ____ sutures from the ___ bones

Once the parietals are disengaged, you apply a ___ force to distract the sutures and wait until a change in the CRI is palpated (the fullness is the parietal bones externally rotating)

Answer 19

Inferior, sagittal

Internal, inferior, temporal

Cephalad

Question 20

For the frontal bone, the ____ suture’s functional presence is why is is named a paired bone

Just like the other paired bones, this rotates around 2 _____ axes in the ____ plane

It moves into ___ rotation during cranial flexion and ___ rotation during cranial extension

Answer 20

Metopic

AP axis, coronal

External, Internal

Question 21

During external rotation of the frontal bone, the inferior/lateral angles move ____/____ and the glabella moves _____

^** This is associated with a ___ sloping forehead

During internal rotation of the frontal bone, the inferior/lateral angles move ____/____ and the glabella moves _____

^** This is associated with a ___ forehead

Answer 21

Laterally/anterior, posterior

Low

Medially/posterior, anterior

High bulging (aka prominent)

Question 22

The frontal lift technique allows the frontal bone to perform its normal motion, and to free up the ___ aspects of the ___ suture

Patient supine, doc at head of table

The doc interlaces fingers above the frontal bone, with the _____ placed on the lateral angles of the frontal bone, with the heels of the hand just anterior to the ____ sutures

The doc then exerts a pressure of the interlaced fingers against each other during cranial extension aka internal rotation, which causes a ___ pressure against the frontal eminences to occur

Then the doc raises the frontal bone ____ (either unilateral or bilateral) and holds the motion as the frontal bone moves into external rotation and when tension release is felt then one can release and reassess

Answer 22

Inferior, coronal

Hypothenar eminences, coronal

Medial

Anteriorly

Question 23

The 5-finger hold is done by using the thumb and index finger to grasp the ____, the middle finger is placed in the ____, and the ring finger is ____ to the ____ and the pinkie is ___ to it

If this were to be done unilaterally, the opposite hand cradles the occipital squama, _____ to the ____ suture

Answer 23

Zygomatic arch, external auditory canal, anterior, mastoid process, posterior

Medial, occipitomastoid suture

Question 24

The temporal bones rotate around the ____ axis, in the ____ plane from the ____ to the _____

During cranial flexion, aka external rotation of the temporal bone, the superior border of the petrous portion moves ____/___ and the mastoid tip moves ____/____ which gives a ____ motion

During cranial extension, aka internal rotation of the temporal bone, the superior border of the petrous portion moves ____/___ and the mastoid tip moves ____/____

Answer 24

Oblique, coronal, jugular surface, petrous apex

Anterior/laterally, posterior/medially, wobbly wheel

Posterior/medially, anterior/laterally

Question 25

___ rotation can close the ____ tubes and produce a ____ pitched tinnitus

___ rotation is associated with a ___ roaring sound or tinnitus

Answer 25

Internal, eustachian tubes, high

External, low

Question 26

The temporal rocking technique is suppose to release or relieve CN ___/____/____ entrapment/dysfunction, ____/____compression, restricted ____/____ articulation, and/or _____

You start by applying an ___ technique aka encourage motion into ease

To encourage external rotation, ring and little finger exert ____ pressure on mastoid and thumb and index finger move the zygomatic arch ____ and ____

And for internal rotation, ring and little finger exert ____ pressure on mastoid and thumb and index finger move the zygomatic arch ____ and ____

You do this in a back-and forth manner until bones are brought into a asynchrounous motion

Answer 26

CN 9, 10, 11, Eustachian tube/IJV, temporal occipital, tinnitus

Indirect

Medial, superior and lateral

Medial, inferior and medial

Question 27

The V spread technique is for the ___ suture aka to release any peripheral suture tension

The doc places the hand on the ____ side of the dysfunction using the index and middle finger on either side of the suture, and the palm of the ____ hand is placed ___ degrees opposite onto the cranium

Then you spread apart the index and middle finger to disengage the suture on the ipsilateral side, and the contralateral palm presses down towards the suture to get a fluid flow TOWARDS the finger making the V

Answer 27

OM

Same, contralateral, 180

Question 28

For the V-spread coupe and coutercoup, name them:

1) Parietal eminence
2) Lateral vertex
3) Frontal eminence
4) Pterion
5) Asterion
6) Parietal eminence
7) Frontal eminence

Just remember OM suture = ____ eminence

Answer 28

1) Petrobasilar
2) Petrojugular
3) Occipitomastoid
4) Parietomastoid
5) Pterion
6) Sphenosquamous pivot
7) Sphenopetrou

Frontal

Question 29

Illness = Host + Disease

Health can be defined as the ___ and the ____ system, where harmony implies the capacity to adjust to ____ (which include environmental or structural stressors)

SD occurs when disturbances in the ___, ____, and ____ occurs

____ dysfunction is the impaired or altered mobility or motility of the visceral system and the combined facias, the neurological, vascular, skeletal, and lymphatic elements

Answer 29

Environment and Internal systems, stressors

Nervous system, Fluid dynamics, and Biomechanics

Visceral

Question 30

The use of the hands in a patient management process using instructions and maneuvers to achieve maximum painless movement of the MSK (motor) system postural balance is ____

Answer 30

Manipulation

Question 31

The 5 models of osteopathic treatment include

Answer 31

1) Postural structural
2) Neurological
3) Respiratory Circulatory
4) Bioenergy
5) Psychosocial

PNPRB

Question 32

1) If a patient has a problem with fluid congestion (venous or lymphatics) like local edema or systemic congestion, then you should delineate the ____ pathway and follow to the terminal drainage, and describe and portray the ____ that might be impeding the drainage
2) If the patient has a problem with the nervous system (SNS, PNS, pain) then you should delineate the ___ of the area and follow to the spinal cord, and describe the ____ factors/influences along the course of this innervation
3) If the patient has a problem with biomechanics (torques, twists, strains, pressure, etc) then you should delineate the ____ and ____ biomechanical concerns and also delineate the ____ biomechanical concerns that might impact the problem
4) If the patient has a problem with the viscera (Biomechanics, Fluid, SNS, PNS, pain) then you should delinate the ___/____/____ elements and follow to its anatomic sources, and describe the ____ factors/influences along the course

^** You could also delinate the periotneal/pleural/fascial elements for the viscus

Answer 32

1) Drainage, Choke points
2) Innervation, anatomic
3) Local and regional, Inter-regional
4) Innervation/vascular/lymphatic, anatomic

Question 33

____ bones consist of the ethmoid, occiput, and sphenoid

____ bones consist of the Parietal, temporal, palatine, zygoma, etc…

Answer 33

Unpaired (midline)

Paired

Question 34

Otitis media results from impaired drainage of the ____ and more common in infants due to their shorter tube

The tube lies between the petrous ___ bone and the ____ and the area most likely to cause a constriction is at the _____ where the sphenoid and temporal bones meet

So if a patient has an ear infection, you should make sure the ___ bone is not in external or internal rotation

Answer 34

Eustacian tube

Temporal, greater wing of the sphenoid, Cranial base

Temporal

Question 35

If a patient has a headache, which 3 bones would you attempt to treat?

Answer 35

Sphenoid, occiput, and temporal

Question 36

If a patient has hypertonic cervical muscles and a headache, you can perform a ___ to help the cervical muscles release their tension

C1 has a close relationship with the ____ ganglion of the ___ nerve

C2 has a close relationship with the ____ ganglion

^** This sends sympathetics to head and face

So the upper cervical nerves innervate the neck musculature

So to conclude, a tension headache, you work both the cranium and the cervical muscles associated with it

Answer 36

Suboccipital release

Inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve

Superior cervical sympathetic ganglion

Question 37

If a patient comes in with a facial nerve or bells palsy, you can treat the ___ bone since the facial nerve runs through this bone

Patient with extreme/lancinating pain in the face has ____

^** These patients have sensory impulses from the forehead, orbit, anterior and middle fossae of the skull, and tentorium which are ALL SUPRAtentorial in location and the ___ nerve is the one associated with SUPRAtentorial sensory information (Compared to INFRAtentorial sensory info which involves the 3 ___ nerves or ENT which involves CN 7, 9, and 10)

The trigeminal nerve is what’s causing the pain in a patient with trigeminal neuralgia (V1 and V2 to be specific) and remember StandingRoomOnly for V1, V2, and V3 so V1 comes out of the ___, V2 out of the ____, and V3 out of the ____….

**So with all this in mind, the Foramen Ovale and Foramen Rotundum are located in the __ bone and the trigeminal ganglion is in the ___ bone, so you would treat THESE 2 BONES!!!!*****

So if the temporal bone moves into ___ rotation, it can compress the trigeminal ganglion

Answer 37

Temporal

Trigeminal neuralgia,

Trigeminal, cervical

Superior orbital fissure, Foramen Rotundum, Foramen Ovale

Sphenoid bone, temporal

External

Question 38

Someone with ___cephaly often will have a lateral strain pattern

Answer 38

Plagiocephaly

Question 39

Extension of the unpaired bones is paired with ____lation and flexion is with ____lation

The ____ bone is the only bone that contacts all 4 fontanelles which include ____/____/____/____

The ___ is where the 4 bones meet

Also realize the parietal bone articulates with the 5 bones that include the Occipital/Frontal/Sphenoidal/Temporal/Opposite Parietal bones

Answer 39

Exhalation, Inhalation

Parietal, Anterior/Posterior/Mastoid/Sphenoidal

Pterion

Question 40

For the inner surface of the parietal bone, the lateral part of the groove is for the ____ and this is important because it carries the marginal insertion of the ____

The ___ artery also runs along it

Answer 40

Transverse sinus, tentorium cerebelli

Middle meningeal artery

Question 41

For the PARIETAL BONE

Preamture closure of the sutures is called ____ with the most common being ___ synostosis which restricts the transverse growth of the skill (leads to an extreme form of EXTENSION)

___ synostosis is rare, but if unilateral, the back of the head on the affected side is flattened and the mastoid process on the same side bulges

If a patient has head pain along the suture, often the OM or Asterion is involved in ____

The Pterion is often involved in ___ headaches

If a patient has head, face, and tooth pain it is a ____ somatic dysfunction aka Trigger Point

Answer 41

Cranial synostosis, sagittal

Lambdoid

Tension headaches

Temporal

Temporal

Question 42

The temporal bone has a squamous and petrous portions

The ____ portion contains the zygomatic process and the petrous portion contains many other structures like the Otovestibular organ, Border of the foramen lacerum, lateral part of the jugular foramen, styloid process, etc….

The temporal bone contacts 5 bones which includes the TMJ(mandible)/Sphenoid/Parietal/Occipital/Zygomatic

Answer 42

Squamous

Question 43

For the TEMPORAL bone

TMJ pain, head pain along the suture with the same problems as that seen in PARIETAL bone SDs

Dizziness, ear infections, swallowing and chewing, tinnitus, Eustachian tube SDs, and bells palsy are also associated with the temporal bone problems

In a newborn, the temporal bone lacks the ____

Answer 43

Mastoid process

Question 44

Remember, if you push medial on the mastoid tip, it causes the squamous portion to move ____ aka EXTERNAL rotation

Answer 44

Laterally

Question 45

Know where the Parietosquamous, coronal, sagittal, parietomastoid, pterion, asterion, and lambdoidal sutures are

Answer 45

Page 11 C3 lecture

Question 46

For the FRONTAL bone

The ___ suture often is involved in tension headaches (Remember, this is different from the Parietal and Temporal bones that had OM and asterion involved with tension headaches)

Just like the others, the ___ is involved in temporal headaches

Head pain can occur from decreased primary respiration and CSF flow due to increased dural tension at the ___

Also sinusitis, visual problems, anosmia, and frontalis muscle tender points

Answer 46

Coronal

Pterion

Cribiform plate

Question 47

Bicoronal synostosis is obviously the fusion of both coronal sutures and leads to a head shape called ____ which causes restriction of growth of the anterior fossa leading to a SHORT and WIDE skull

In Unicoronal synostosis, the patient has a characteristic ___ deformity aka “facial twist” and the head shape is called ____

Answer 47

Bracycephaly

C-chaped, anterior plagiocephaly

Question 48

Which 7 bones does the frontal bone articulate with?

Answer 48

Pareital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid, Lacrimal, Maxillae, Nasal, and Zygoma

Question 49

The 3 muscles responsible for jaw clenching are ____

The 2 muscles responsible for depressing the jaw are the ____

When moving the jaw lateral and forward to the RIGHT the ___ and ____ muscles allow this

When moving the jaw lateral and forward to the LEFT the ___ and ____ muscles allow this

Answer 49

Temporalis, masseter, and medial pterygoid

Digastric and suprahyoid

LEFT medial and lateral pterygoid

Right medial and lateral pterygoid

Question 50

When looking at the controus of the face, you should divide it into ___rds which include the ____ - ___ line, ____ - ____ line, and ____ - ____ line

For tooth bite, class ____ is normal

Class 2 is an ___ bite aka the lower 1st molars are ___ to the upper ones

Class 3 is an ___ bite aka the lower 1st molars are ___ to the upper ones

Answer 50

Thirds

Hair-bipupital, Bipupital-Nose, Nose-chin

1

Overbite, posterior

Underbite, anterior

Question 51

When evaluating the mandible for SDs, palpate the ___ and have the patient open their mouth

If there are any deviations, it is called a ___ shape for a unilateral problem, which deviates ____ the side of the SD (So if the jaw deviates in a C-shape towards the left first, it is a LEFT SD) OR it can be an ___ shape which means it is bilateral

^**If the jaw deviates to the RIGHT, and then goes to the LEFT, that means the ___ muscle is dysfunctioned since it is tight and pulling it towards the right

Answer 51

Tragus

C-shape, TOWARDS, S-shape

RIGHT

Question 52

In order to treat a C shape SD, you contact the ___ on the ___ side of deviation (convexity side)

Then have the patient provide a lateral force ____ the SD while you provide a counterforce in towards the OPPOSITE side of the SD

In order to treat an S shaped SD, you should do what 3 treatments?

^** Have the patient perform these as an isometric exercise in sets of 10, twice a day

Answer 52

Mandible, same

Towards

Mandibular depression/closure; Lateral deviation; Retraction and protrusion

Question 53

To treat the TMJ with myofacial release, contact the ____ of the ____ and use a ____ force in the ___ direction until you feel a tissue creep

If the treatment is done unilaterally, the head and neck are turned ___ from the side of the SD

Answer 53

Angle of the mandible, direct, caudal

AWAY

Question 54

When performing the myofacial release treatment for muscle spasms, engage the pterygoid facia which is posterior to the molars

Then induce a force in a ___ and ___ direction

You might also see tearing in the ___lateral eye due to ___rect, ___thetic nerve stimulation through the ____ ganglion

Answer 54

Superior and lateral

Ipsilateral, Indriect Parasympathetic, sphenopalatine

Question 55

For the counterstrain treatment technique for the masseter and TMJ tender point

The tender point for the masseter is located just ____ to the ____, in the belly of the ___ muscle

To treat the masseter tender point, have the patient ___ their mandible to disengage the TMJs and contact the body of the mandible on the ____ side of the tender point and translate it TOWARDS the side of the tender point until pain decreased by ____%… Then hold for __ seconds

The tender point for the TMJ is located on the ____ aspect of the ___ of the mandible, on the side ____ of the mandibular deviation

To treat the TMJ tender point, have the patient rotate their head and neck to the ___ side of the tender point until pain is decreased by ___% and hold for ___ seconds

Answer 55

Inferior, zygoma, masseter

Depress, opposite, 70, 90

Posterior, angle, opposite

Opposite, 70, 90

Question 56

TMJ anterior disc reduction can be from trauma or chronic issues with the join that cause a disruption of the ___

The TMJ anterior disc reduction technique you contact the mandible on the ___ side of the SD with the 4th and 5th fingers on the ___ aspect of the ___ and the 2nd and 3rd fingers on the ___ of the ____

The other hand contacts the body of the mandible on the contralateral side

Answer 56

Posterior anchoring fascia

Same, posterior, mandibular ramus, body, mandible

Question 57

The 4th and 5th fingers induce a force ____ and the 2nd and 3rd induce a force ____

The opposite hand provides a lateral force TOWARDS the involved side

This procedure attempts to pin the ____ onto the disc and then reduce it ____ with the motion of the mandible as the mouth closes

Answer 57

Anteriorly, cephalad

Mandibular condyle, posteriorly

Question 58

The TMJ is a ___ join and the mandible condyle is ___

The meniscus helps to stabilize and translates ____ during depression of the mandible

^** The ___ muscle is attached to it… And the LEFT lateral and medial pterygoids will move the mandible LATERAL and FORWARD to the ___ and vice verse for the opposite

Answer 58

Synovial, bi-convex

anteriorly

Lateral pterygoid, right

Question 59

The __ muscle raises the lateral angle of the mouth for when you smile, the ___ muscle helps when we grimace, the ___ muscle helps protrude the upper lip, and the ___ helps us blow

Answer 59

Zygomaticus major, Risorius, Zygomatic minor, Buccinator

Question 60

Patients with TMJ SDs often have ____

Jaw click is __ displacement with reduction, but is NOT diagnostic

Patients with nocturnal tooth contact in TMJ can have ____

Answer 60

RA (Rheumatoid arthritis)

Disc

Bruxism

Question 61

What imaging modality is the best choice for TMJ SDs?

^** USe this to see the position and shape of the disc

Answer 61

MRI

Question 62

TMJ vs trigeminal neuralgia is that ___ is more dull and constant pain rather than trigeminal neuralgia which is sharp flickerings of pain

Answer 62

TMJ