Hepatitis A

Question 1

Etiology:

Answer 1

HAV

Question 2

Genetic material of HAV:

Answer 2

Single-stranded RNA

Question 3

Transmission:

Answer 3

Fecal-oral

Question 4

Serotypes:

Answer 4

Only one

Question 5

Incubation period:

Answer 5

2-6 weeks

Question 6

contacts of recently infected individuals, foreign travelers (particularly those to developing nations), male homosexuals, childcare workers, institutionalized individuals, and those living in poverty:

Answer 6

High-risk groups

Question 7

General prognosis:

Answer 7

Excellent

Question 8

The single most important determinant of illness severity:

Answer 8

+50 years old

Question 9

Complications:

Answer 9

Prolonged Cholestasis and Fulminant Hepatic Failure

Question 10

Jaundice + 3 months:

Answer 10

Prolonged Cholestasis

Question 11

May shorten the period of cholestasis:

Answer 11

Corticosteroids and Ursodeoxycholic acid

Question 12

Jaundice, pruritus, fever, diarrhea and weight loss:

Answer 12

Cholestatic Viral Hepatitis A

Question 13

Avoid uncontrolled water sources, raw shellfish, and uncooked food. Boiling water or adding iodine inactivates the virus. All fruit should be washed and peeled:

Answer 13

Patient Education

Question 14

Mild flulike symptoms:

Answer 14

Prodrome

Question 15

Dark urine, Pale stool, Jaundice, Pruritus and Abdominal pain:

Answer 15

Icteric phase

Question 16

Occurs in most 70-85% of acute HAV infection:

Answer 16

Jaundice

Question 17

Physical examination findings:

Answer 17

Fever, Scleral icterus and Hepatomegaly

Question 18

Other Viral Hepatitis, Alcoholic Hepatitis, Autoimmune Hepatitis, Budd-Chiari Synd and Acute Drug-induced Liver Injury:

Answer 18

DDx

Question 19

Gold standard for diagnosis:

Answer 19

Nucleic acid testing (NAT)

Question 20

After establishing the diagnosis of HAV infection:

Answer 20

Notify local public health authorities

Question 21

ALT/AST return to reference ranges levels over:

Answer 21

5-20 weeks

Question 22

Serologic testing diagnosis for Acute HAV infection:

Answer 22

Anti-HAV IgM

Question 23

Anti-HAV IgG+ and IgM-:

Answer 23

Past infection or Vaccination

Question 24

If Fulminant Hepatic Failure:

Answer 24

Liver Transplantation

Question 25

Treatment:

Answer 25

Supportive Care

Question 26

% of Fulminant Hepatic Failure caused by HAV:

Answer 26

3-8%

Question 27

individuals traveling to areas of high endemicity who have less than 2 weeks before departure, People with Chronic Liver Disease:

Answer 27

Immunization indications