Evidence For Evolution Flashcards

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1
Q

Biogeography

A

Similar species are found in similar ecosystems around the world.

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2
Q

Morohology

A

Comparing structure

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3
Q

Homologous Structure

A

Body parts with similar structure but possible different function.
Shows common ancestry.

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4
Q

Analogous Structure

A

Similar structure develops in organisms that share and ecosystem but not a common ancestry.

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5
Q

Biochemical or Molecular

A

Similarities in gene sequences, proteins and DNA.

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6
Q

Relative Dating

A

Age of fossils based according to their location in strata.

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7
Q

Strata (plural of stratum)

A

A layer or a series of layers of rock in the ground.

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8
Q

Absolute Dating

A

Age of fossils determined by analyzing the content of radioactive isotopes found in the fossils. Also known as radiometric dating.

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9
Q

Half-life

A

Length of time required for half of the radioactive elements to change into another stable element.

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10
Q

Domain

A

Highest taxonomic rank of organisms in which there are three groupings: Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya.

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11
Q

Archaea

A

Any of the unicellular microorganisms that is genetically distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, and often inhabiting extreme environmental conditions.

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12
Q

Bacteria

A

Microscopic, single-celled organisms belonging to Kingdom Monera that posses a prokaryotic type of cell structure, which means their cells are noncompartmentalized, and their DNA can be found in the cytoplasm rather than within the membrane-bound nucleus.

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13
Q

Eukarya

A

Domain comprised of eukaryotes or organisms whose cells contain a true nucleus.

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14
Q

Eukaryote

A

Any of the single-celled or multicellular organisms whose cell contains a distinct, membrane-bound nucleus.

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15
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

A microscopic network of protein filaments and tubules in the cytoplasm of many living cells, giving them shape and coherence.

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16
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The material or protoplasm within a living cell, excluding the nucleus.

17
Q

Nucleus

A

A membrane-bound structure that contains the cell’s hereditary information and controls the cell’s growth and reproduction.

18
Q

Membrane-bound Organelles

A

Eukaryotic cells contain many membrane-bound organelles. An organelle is an organized and specialized structure within a living cell. The organelles include the nucleus, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, vacuoles, lysosomes, mitochondria, and, in plants, chloroplasts.

19
Q

Endomembrane System

A

The outer membrane on any of the organelles within the cell.