5.4 Study Guide

Question 1

What does a mutation do?

Answer 1

change the base sequence in a DNA molecule

Question 2

What is a point mutation?

Answer 2

substitution of a single base

Question 3

What is a silent mutation?

Answer 3

no amino acid change; redundancy in code

Question 4

What is a missence mutation?

Answer 4

change amino acid

Question 5

What is a nonsence mutation?

Answer 5

change to stop codon

Question 6

What can a point mutation lead to?

Answer 6

sickle cell anemia

Question 7

What types of mutations are frameshifts?

Answer 7

insertion and deletion

Question 8

What is insertion?

Answer 8

adding bases

Question 9

What is deletion?

Answer 9

losing bases

Question 10

Where do most mutations occur?

Answer 10

during DNA replication

Question 11

What is translation?

Answer 11

the making a protein using codons on mRNA as instructions

Question 12

What are triplets of mRNA?

Answer 12

codons

Question 13

What are triplets of tRNA?

Answer 13

anticodons

Question 14

What is the role of mRNA?

Answer 14

contain message/code for amino acid sequence

Question 15

What is the role of tRNA?

Answer 15

transfers amino acids, contains anticodons that pair with mRNA codons to put a.a. in the correct order