Chapter 3 Flashcards
What is mercantilism?
a country’s ultimate goal is self-sufficiency and that all countries were in competitions to acquire the most gold and silver
What did the theory of mercantilism spark?
the English wanted to establish colonies
What were the Navigational Acts?
- no trade unless English or colonial
- crews had to 3/4 English or/and colonial
- colonies could export certain goods only to England
- almost all goods had to go through England before the colonies
How was Navigational Act beneficial to the English?
created more jobs
Why did the colonist dislike the Navigational acts?
it cut out their profits
What did the colonist do about the Act?
started smuggling goods
How did England get the Puritans to obey?
revoked the Puritan charter and make MA a royal colony
When did James II come to power?
1665
What did James II do to the land from Main to New Jersey?
became one big colony called the Dominion of New England
Who did James II appoint the leader of Dominion of New England?
Sir Edmund Andros
What did Edmund Andros do to make the Puritans mad?
enforced Navigational acts, punished smugglers, and restricted assembles
When did the British decide that they could not have a Catholic dynasty?
1688
How did England strengthen/enforce the Navigational Act?
trying smugglers by judges and creating a board of Trade to monitor colonial trade
What is a cash crop?
a crop grown primarily for sale rather than for the farmer’s own good
Name the five major cash crops
cotton, rice, tobacco, indigo, and sugar
Describe the life in southern society
a prosperous and diverse people; poor small farmers formed the majority of the southern populations; planters: owners of large, profitable plantations, controlled mush of the economy; controlled the South’s political and social instruction
Describe plantations
built near rivers, could ship goods directly north and to England
What was Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina’s cash crop?
tobacco
What were South Carolina and Georgia’s cash crop?
cotton, indigo and rice
Colonials’ Military Organization
colonial militias served under own captains
British’s Military Discipline
drills and tough discipline
British Method of Fighting
march in formation or bayonet charge
British Military Organization
British officers wanted to take charge of colonist
Effects of the F & I War on Britain
- it increased her colonial empire in the Americas
- it greatly enlarged England’s debt
- Britain’s concept of colonist created bitter feelings