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USMLE STEP 2, for real tho > OB goes on > Flashcards

OB goes on Flashcards

1
Q

The normal and predictable sequence of sexual maturation proceeds with

A

breast budding–>
adrenarche (hair growth)–>
a growth spurt–>
then menarche.

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2
Q

menarche is usually at age

A

~12

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3
Q

body weight of __________- pounds is needed before menses begins

A

85 to 106

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4
Q

There are two weird critical elements for secondary sexual characteristics:

A

sleep and optic exposure to sunlight.

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5
Q

______________– is characterized by premature menses before breast and pubic hair development.

A

McCune Albright Syndrome

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6
Q

______________ occur in 25-35% of females with Mullerian agenesis.

A

Renal anomalies

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7
Q

Lady who cant pee after labor w/ ab pain

A

epidural–> bladder not working–> urine dribble

Bladder atony- over full

Temporary and reversible

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8
Q

When do you give rhogam

A

28- 32 weeks in Rh- mom

After delivery if baby is Rh +

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9
Q

When cant you dilate and evacuate a baby

A

over 24 weeks

do a vaginal delivery instead

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10
Q

Compare complete vs incomplete abortion

A

complete: whole baby out
incomplete: bleeding, open os, some fetal parts remain

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11
Q

What do you call pulling a baby out by his feet

A

internal podalic version

Breech baby

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12
Q

Placenta location where you have to do a c-section

A

less than 2 cm from os

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13
Q

___________` is the most common abnormal karyotype encountered in spontaneous abortuses,

A

Autosomal trisomy

accounting for approximately 40-50% of cases.

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14
Q

The risk of developing microcephaly and severe intellectual disability is greatest between ?

A

eight and 15 weeks gestation.

never seen with doses even exceeding 50 rad at less than eight weeks or greater than 25 weeks gestation.

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15
Q

. The FVL mutation is associated with obstetric complications including ?

A

stillbirth, preeclampsia, placental abruption and IUGR

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16
Q

Ultrasound criteria for a missed abortion are

A

a CRL of > 7 mm with no cardiac activity

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17
Q

benign ovarian tumor with ascites and pleural effusion that resolves after resection of the tumor.

A

meigs syndrome

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18
Q

________________- is the most common risk factor for protraction and/or arrest disorders in the first stage of labor.

A

Hypocontractile uterine activity

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19
Q

Hypocontractile uterine activity is the most common risk factor for protraction and/or arrest disorders in the ______________

A

first stage of labor.

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20
Q

Arrest of labor is diagnosed at cervical dilation ≥6 cm in a patient with ruptured membranes and

A

No cervical change for ≥4 hours despite adequate contractions

No cervical change for ≥6 hours with inadequate contractions

21
Q

Arrest of the second stage of labor was defined as no progress (descent or rotation) for:

A

●Nulliparous women with an epidural: ≥4 hours
●Nulliparous women without an epidural: ≥3 hours
●Multiparous women with an epidural: ≥3 hours
●Multiparous women without an epidural: ≥2 hours

22
Q

Time from onset of labor to complete cervical dilation.

A

First stage normal labor

23
Q

Time from complete cervical dilation to fetal delivery

A

second stage of labor

  • can also be viewed in terms of fetal rather than maternal changes, ie, changes in fetal station and descent.
24
Q

Time between fetal delivery and placental delivery.

A

third stage of labor

25
Q

For management of slow labor progression over 2 hours, in the active phase (cervix ≥6 cm), we administer

A

oxytocin

increase the frequency and strength of this patient’s contractions. If the patient does not have cervical change once she is having more frequent contractions on oxytocin, it would be reasonable to place an IUPC (intrauterine pressure catheter) to assess the strength of the contractions.

26
Q

_____________ is typically used for cervical ripening and labor induction

A

Misoprostol

27
Q

women with cervical dilation <6 cm are considered to be

A

in latent phase

cervical dilation above 6 cm = the active phase

28
Q

We manage second stage arrest with ?

A

an operative delivery

29
Q

Avoid operative delivery in the second stage as long as?

A

the fetus continues to descend and/or rotate to a more favorable position for vaginal delivery and the fetal heart rate pattern is not concerning.

30
Q

cytotec is

A

misoprostol

31
Q

______________ are all associated with breech presentation.

A 
Prematurity
multiple gestation
 genetic disorders
polyhydramnios
hydrocephaly
 anencephaly
placenta previa
uterine anomalies
uterine fibroids
32
Q

A prolonged latent phase is defined as

A

> 20 hours for nulliparas and >14 hours for multiparas, and may be treated with rest or augmentation of labor

not yet reached the active phase (more than 4-6? cm)

33
Q

What size baby is likely to have shoulder dystocia

A

4500 g

34
Q

Optimal position for delivery

A

OA

back of baby’s head against front of moms body

35
Q

can you push the baby head back in

A

yes- its called zavenoli procedure

36
Q

________________ are all associated with an increased incidence of shoulder dystocia.

A 
Fetal macrosomia
 maternal obesity
 diabetes mellitus
 postterm pregnancy
hx of shoulder dystocia
 prolonged second stage of labor
37
Q

In secondary arrest of dilation, no further cervical change in the active phase for over four hours. _________ is often recommended in this situation.

A

Amniotomy

38
Q

How does a vesicovaginal fistula present?

A

painless loss of urine into the vagina often after pelvic surgery

39
Q

What is one situation where you cannot use OCPs

A

In migraine

40
Q

Aside from OCPs, what can treat PMS

A

SSRI- daily or only in luteal phase

41
Q

What symptoms are present in bladder cancer

A

hematuria
↑ ua frequency
urge incontinence

42
Q

When can you give prenatal steroids

A

23-34 weeks

43
Q

obstetric complication in which fetal blood vessels cross or run near the os

A

Vasa praevia- umbilical cord inserts into the membranes.

rare

44
Q

Fresh frozen plasma contains :

A

fibrinogen, clotting factors V and VIII.

45
Q

Cryoprecipitate contains

A

fibrinogen, factor VIII and von Willebrand’s factor.

46
Q

Common presenting signs of an abruption include

A

abdominal pain, bleeding, uterine hypertonus and fetal distress.

47
Q

Common Risk factors of an abruption include

A

Risk factors include smoking, cocaine use, chronic hypertension, trauma, prolonged premature rupture of membranes, and history of prior abruption.

48
Q

Smoking increases the risk of several serious complications of pregnancy, including

A

placental abruption, placenta previa, fetal growth restriction, preeclampsia and infection.

49
Q

Threatened abortion occurs during?

A

the first trimester.

USMLE STEP 2, for real tho (16 decks)

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