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Micro > E.coli and Salmonella > Flashcards

E.coli and Salmonella Flashcards

1
Q

Do E.coli form spore ?

A

NO

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2
Q

Pathogenic strains of E.coli are grouped into categories based on

A

Virulence properties
Interaction with intestinal mucosa
Toxin production
Distinct clinical syndromes

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3
Q

Major life threatening diarrhea in young children in developing countries

A

EPEC

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4
Q

EPEC possess adherence factor plasmid and attaches to

A

Small and large intestine mucosa and destroys the microvilli

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5
Q

What is a microvilli

A

Finger like projections. They inrease surface area and absorption

Also provide the first barrier

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6
Q

The attachment-effacement of EPEC is controlled by

A

A chromosomal gene -eaeA

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7
Q

The eaeA gene produces

A

Intimin

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8
Q

Intimin is responsible for

A

Lesions and adherence

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9
Q

EPEC induces a formation of what on host cell surface

A

Pedestals

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10
Q

Attachment and effacement of EHEC gene is by

A

Eae-A gene

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11
Q

EHEC attaches mainly in …

A

Large intestine

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12
Q

EHEC produces large quantities of what toxin ?

A

Shiga

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13
Q

The shiga toxin is encoded by

A

Bacteriophage

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14
Q

EHEC possess a plasmid that encodes attachment

A

Fimbriea

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15
Q

Is EHEC invasive ?

A

No

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16
Q

Is EIEC invasive

A

Yes

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17
Q

ETEC attaches to

A

Small intestine

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18
Q

How does ETEC attaches to small intestine

A

By a fimbrial colonization factor antigen ( CFA)

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19
Q

ETEC produces 1 or 2toxins :

A

A heat labile toxin ( 60 C,30 min )

Heat stable toxin ( 100 C ,15 min)

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20
Q

Characterized by non bloody diarrhea in children and adults

A

ETEC

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21
Q

Traveler’s diarrhea

A

ETEC

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22
Q

Unusual in the US

A

EIEC

23
Q

Unusual in the US

A

EIEC

24
Q

Enters and multiply in epithelial cells of the large intestine

A

EIEC

25
Q

Enter and multiply in epithelial cells of the large intestine

A

EIEC

26
Q

Posses enteroinvasive plasmid

A

shigella

EIEC

27
Q

Voluminous bloody or nonbloody diarrhea

A

EIEC

28
Q

Does EIEC produce enterotoxin?

A

NO

29
Q

Characteristic stacked brick type adherence

A

EAEC. ( Enteroadherent )

EAggEC ( Enteroaggregative )

30
Q

In EAEC. ( Enteroadherent )
EAggEC ( Enteroaggregative )
A plasmid encodes for the production of

A

Attachment fimbriae

31
Q

EAEC. ( Enteroadherent )

EAggEC ( Enteroaggregative ) causes what kind of diarrhea

A

Persistent diarrhea > 2 weeks in children and in the immunocompromised

32
Q

What are 2 main cultural characteristic used to differentiate O157:H7 from other strains

A

Inability to ferment sorbitol

Lack of glucuronidase activity

33
Q

Human diseases that are attributed to O157:H7

A

Non bloody diarrhea
Hemorrhagic colitis ( HC)
Hemolytic uremic syndrome ( HUS)
Thrombotic thrombosis/topenic purpura (TTP)

34
Q

Overal mortality rate for E.coli 0157:H7

A

5%

35
Q

Factors contributing to highly variable rate of complications

A

Host factor( age difference in immunological response to infecting strain or toxin )
Inoculum size
Treatment
Genotype

36
Q

Reservoir of E.coli O157:H7

A

Ruminants : sheep, cattle, deer

37
Q

Modes of transmission of E coli 0157:H7

A
  1. Ingestion of contaminated food
  2. Person to person spread
  3. Contaminated water ( rare)
  4. Animal to person
38
Q

Principle foods implicated as vehicles for E coli 0157:H7

A

Ground beef
Roast beef
Unpasteurized milk

39
Q

Virulence factor for E coli 0157:H7

A
  • 0157 mainly attached to large intestine
  • Shiga toxin (bacteriophage encoded)
    • Stx1 and stx2 (inhibits protein synthesis )
    • Associated with HUS
  • Intimin ( chromosome-encoded eaeA)
  • mediates intestinal colonization
  • plasmid p0157
  • Enterohemolysin
  • catalase
40
Q

what is E coli 0157:H7 acid tolerance

A

PH 4-4.5

41
Q

Salmonella

A

Gram -
Rod shaped Bacilli
Motile

42
Q

Salmonella

A

Gram negative
Rod shaped Bacilli
Motile
S. Typhi and S. Enteritidis

43
Q

Reservoir of salmonella

A

Intestinal tract of poultry, pigs, birds and insects

44
Q

Salmonellosis

A

Dz caused by salmonella
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramp, diarrhea, fever, headache
Symptoms occur in 12-48 hrs and last 2-6 days

45
Q

What are food vehicles for salmonella

A 
Beef 
Poultry 
Milk 
Eggs 
Vegetables 
Ice cream 
Baked foods
46
Q

Salmonella Virulence factor

A

Virulence plasmid
Siderophores
LPS
Toxins

47
Q

What is LPS

A

A major component in the cell membrane of gram - bacteria

It prevents the attack from host immune system

48
Q

What are salmonella toxins

A

Enterotoxin

Cytotoxins

49
Q

Describe Enterotoxin

A

A non inflammatory syndrome, triggers a secretory response in the small intestine, watery diarrhea, no white cells in stools

Can be releases into cytoplasm of the host by the bacteria, trigger increase of cAMP and that causes loss of water and electrolyte which causes diarrhea .

50
Q

Describe cytotoxin

A

An inflammatory response in the colon, diarrhea and white cells in stools

51
Q

Ecoli is gram

A

Negative

52
Q

Major Difference between EPEC and EHEC

A

EHEC has shiega toxin

53
Q

O157:H7 is a serotypes of what kind of E.coli

A

EHEC

Micro (9 decks)

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