1. Basic stuff

Question 1

What is a gene?

Answer 1

Sequence of DNA that codes for either a:
protein
functional RNA species

Question 2

Which way is DNA written?

Answer 2

5’ to 3’

Question 3

What is the ‘start codon’? (name and 3 letter code)

Answer 3

Methionine

ATG

Question 4

UTR’s

Answer 4

Part of DNA sequence not turned into protein

Important for regulation

Question 5

What is the C-value paradox?

Answer 5

The C-value was expected to increase alongside organism complexity but doesn’t

Question 6

C-value

Answer 6

Amount of DNA in the haploid genome (in pg)

Question 7

EZH2

Answer 7

Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2
Chemically modifies chromatin
Represses gene expression

Question 8

What is EZH2 a subunit of?

Answer 8

Polycomb repressive complex (PRC2)

Question 9

Fusion proteins

Answer 9

Using cloning DNA sequences can be altered to modify the produced proteins

Question 10

Histidine tags

Answer 10

A series of consecutive histidine amino acid fused to a protein

Question 11

What are the uses of histidine tags?

Answer 11

Can be used to isolate proteins:
They are attached to specific proteins
The tags then bind to antibodies
Un-tagged proteins washed away leaving desired ones

Question 12

How is tagging proteins with histidine tags useful?

Answer 12

Allows us to understand what the proteins interact with

Question 13

What do restriction enzymes do?

Answer 13

Cut DNA

Question 14

Which is the important end of the primer?

Answer 14

3’

Question 15

What is important to keep in mind when picking a primer for cloning?

Answer 15

That the primer doesn’t cause a frame shift

Question 16

What will DNA/TAC polymerase only bind to?

Answer 16

Double stranded DNA

Question 17

Why are primers important in PCR?

Answer 17

Gives the double stranded DNA site that the DNA/TAC polymerase will bind to