Definitions Of Religion

Question 1

Substantive

Answer 1

Focus on the content and substance of religious belief
E.g. Belief in god or the supernatural.
This means they can draw a clear line between religious and non religious beliefs.

Question 2

Weber (1905)

Answer 2

Substantive.

Religion is the belief in a superior or supernatural power that is above nature and cannot be explained scientifically.

Question 3

Functional

Answer 3

Religion performs certain functions within society.

Question 4

Durkheim (1915)

Answer 4

Functionalist.

Religion must contribute to social integration

Question 5

Yinger (1970)

Answer 5

Functionalist.

It must answer ultimate questions.

Question 6

Social constructionist

Answer 6

Focus on how people within the society define religion.
Cannot define all religion.
Do not presume it is always a belief in God or the supernatural.

Question 7

Aldridge (2007)

Answer 7

Social constructionist.

Followers of Scientology believe it is a religion, whereas many governments do not see it as one.

Question 8

Glock and stark

Answer 8

Five core dimensions of religiosity.
Belief-accepting the major beliefs of the religion
Practice-undertaking certain practices to show commitment
Experience-having a communication or experience with God
Knowledge-having understanding and knowledge of the teachings of the religion
Consequence-behaving in the way seen as right and acceptable for someone if that faith

Question 9

Smart

Answer 9

Myth-a supernatural element
Ritual-ceremonies that take place linking to salvation
Ethical-moral codes which tell people how to act
Social-ways in which others SAN recognise you as a part if that faith
Doctrine-statements if belief
Experience-helps people in their everyday life by adding mystery and wonder to their day